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In Lua, "table" is a fundamental type that can be used either as an array (numerical index, fast) or as an associative array. The keys and values can be of any type, except nil. The following focuses on non-numerical indexes. A table literal is written as { value, key = value, [index] = value, ["non id string"] = value }. For example:
Java: strong [8] explicit nominal static JavaScript: weak implicit — dynamic Julia: strong implicit with optional explicit typing [9] structural for implicit typing, nominal for explicit typing dynamic Joy: strong dynamic Kotlin: strong partially implicit (local type inference) nominal static LabVIEW: strong Lua: strong implicit dynamic Maple ...
The following list contains syntax examples of how a range of element of an array can be accessed. In the following table: first – the index of the first element in the slice; last – the index of the last element in the slice; end – one more than the index of last element in the slice; len – the length of the slice (= end - first)
A table is a sequence, optionally supplemented by named keys: digit["two"]="2". Several table functions like table.concat will only work with the numbered values and ignore named keys. The metatable offers a large, optional set of methods for altering table behavior. For example, you can define a table to be callable like a function.
# is the length operator for tables and strings. array [0] = "z"-- Zero is a legal index. print (# array)-- Still prints 4, as Lua arrays are 1-based. The length of a table t is defined to be any integer index n such that t[n] is not nil and t[n+1] is nil ; moreover, if t[1] is nil , n can be zero.
The most frequently used general-purpose implementation of an associative array is with a hash table: an array combined with a hash function that separates each key into a separate "bucket" of the array. The basic idea behind a hash table is that accessing an element of an array via its index is a simple, constant-time operation.
Lua Like raw strings, there can be any number of equals signs between the square brackets, provided both the opening and closing tags have a matching number of equals signs; this allows nesting as long as nested block comments/raw strings use a different number of equals signs than their enclosing comment: --[[comment --[=[ nested comment ]=] ]] .
In C and C++ arrays do not support the size function, so programmers often have to declare separate variable to hold the size, and pass it to procedures as a separate parameter. Elements of a newly created array may have undefined values (as in C), or may be defined to have a specific "default" value such as 0 or a null pointer (as in Java).