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Polarizability. Polarizability usually refers to the tendency of matter, when subjected to an electric field, to acquire an electric dipole moment in proportion to that applied field. It is a property of particles with an electric charge. When subject to an electric field, the negatively charged electrons and positively charged atomic nuclei ...
In electromagnetism, the Clausius–Mossotti relation, named for O. F. Mossotti and Rudolf Clausius, expresses the dielectric constant (relative permittivity, εr) of a material in terms of the atomic polarizability, α, of the material's constituent atoms and/or molecules, or a homogeneous mixture thereof. It is equivalent to the Lorentz ...
v. t. e. In classical electromagnetism, polarization density (or electric polarization, or simply polarization) is the vector field that expresses the volumetric density of permanent or induced electric dipole moments in a dielectric material. When a dielectric is placed in an external electric field, its molecules gain electric dipole moment ...
Electric susceptibility. In electricity (electromagnetism), the electric susceptibility ( ; Latin: susceptibilis "receptive") is a dimensionless proportionality constant that indicates the degree of polarization of a dielectric material in response to an applied electric field. The greater the electric susceptibility, the greater the ability of ...
Hyperpolarizability. The hyperpolarizability, a nonlinear-optical property of a molecule, is the second order electric susceptibility per unit volume. [1] The hyperpolarizability can be calculated using quantum chemical calculations developed in several software packages. [2][3][4] See nonlinear optics.
Molar refractivity, [1] , is a measure of the total polarizability of a mole of a substance and is dependent on the temperature, the index of refraction, and the pressure. The molar refractivity is defined as. where is the Avogadro constant and is the mean polarizability of a molecule. Substituting the molar refractivity into the Lorentz-Lorenz ...
Liquid xenon has a high polarizability due to its large atomic volume, and thus is an excellent solvent. It can dissolve hydrocarbons, biological molecules, and even water. [ 52 ] Under the same conditions, the density of solid xenon, 3.640 g/cm 3 , is greater than the average density of granite , 2.75 g/cm 3 . [ 51 ]
The general selection rule for such a transition to be allowed is that the molecular polarizability must be anisotropic, which means that it is not the same in all directions. [13] Polarizability is a 3-dimensional tensor that can be represented as an ellipsoid. The polarizability ellipsoid of spherical top molecules is in fact spherical so ...