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Encephalitis (en-sef-uh-LIE-tis) is inflammation of the brain. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, or by immune cells mistakenly attacking the brain. Viruses that can lead to encephalitis can be spread by insects such as mosquitos and ticks.
Serious illness associated with encephalitis is usually severe and relatively sudden, so seek emergency medical care. Your healthcare team will likely include specialists in infectious diseases and in the brain and nervous system, known as neurologists.
Types of encephalitis. The two main types or divisions of encephalitis are infectious and autoimmune. In some cases, the exact cause of encephalitis remains unidentified. Important things to know about infectious encephalitis: It's caused by viruses invading the brain, such as herpes and enteroviruses.
Mayo Clinic healthcare professionals care for and treat over 1,800 people with encephalitis each year. Early treatment is important to prevent serious complications of encephalitis. Mayo Clinic specialists have experience recognizing the clinical characteristics of encephalitis.
Autoimmune encephalitis primarily affects people from their early teenage years to age 50, and women more often than men. Mayo Clinic's approach incorporates three neurological subspecialties: autoimmune neurology, behavioral neurology and epileptology.
Descripción general. La encefalitis es la inflamación del cerebro. Puede estar causada por infecciones víricas o bacterianas, o por células inmunitarias que atacan por error al cerebro. Los virus que pueden derivar en encefalitis pueden propagarse a través de insectos, como mosquitos y garrapatas.
Overview. Eosinophilic esophagitis (e-o-sin-o-FILL-ik uh-sof-uh-JIE-tis) is a chronic immune system disease. With this disease, a type of white blood cell, called an eosinophil, builds up in the lining of the tube that connects your mouth to your stomach. This tube is also called the esophagus.
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is a complicated disorder. It causes extreme fatigue that lasts for at least six months. Symptoms worsen with physical or mental activity but don't fully improve with rest. The cause of ME/CFS is unknown, although there are many theories.
Hydrocephalus can happen at any age, but it occurs more often among infants and among adults 60 and older. Surgery can restore and maintain healthy cerebrospinal fluid levels in the brain. Therapies can manage symptoms resulting from hydrocephalus.
In early life between the late 20s and early 30s, the first form of CTE may cause mental health and behavioral issues. Symptoms of this form include depression, anxiety, impulsive behavior and aggression. The second form of CTE is thought to cause symptoms later in life, around age 60.