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With its smaller population, Portugal found itself unable to effectively defend its overstretched network of trading posts, and the empire began a long and gradual decline. Eventually, Brazil became the most valuable colony of the second era of empire (1663–1825), until, as part of the wave of independence movements that swept the Americas ...
From the House of Braganza restoration in 1640 until the end of the reign of the Marquis of Pombal in 1777, the Kingdom of Portugal was in a transition period. Having been near its height at the start of the Iberian Union, the Portuguese Empire continued to enjoy the widespread influence in the world during this period that had characterized the period of the Discoveries.
The official system of units in use in Portugal from the 16th to the 19th century was the system introduced by Manuel I around 1499–1504. [3] The most salient aspect of this reform was the distribution of bronze weight standards (nesting weight piles) to the cities and towns of the kingdom.
Empire size in this list is defined as the dry land area it controlled at the time, which may differ considerably from the area it claimed. For example: in the year 1800, European powers collectively claimed approximately 20% of the Earth's land surface that they did not effectively control. [ 8 ]
The Iberian Union is a historiographical term used to describe the personal union of the Kingdom of Portugal with the Monarchy of Spain, which in turn was itself the dynastic union of the crowns of Castile and Aragon, and of their respective colonial empires, that existed between 1580 and 1640 and brought the entire Iberian Peninsula except Andorra, as well as Portuguese and Spanish overseas ...
Portugal (1820–1975) EN: Fort Jesus PT: Forte Jesus de Mombaça 1593–1596 Intact Mombasa: Kenya Portugal (1593–1698, 1728–1729) Oman (1698–1741, 1837–1895) Local rule (1741–1837) Britain (1895–1963) EN: Fort Saint Anthony PT: Forte de Santo António 1515 Intact Axim: Ghana Portugal (1515–1642) Netherlands (1642–1872) Britain ...
Different units were used to measure area in Brazil, often with significant local variations. One tarefa was equal to 3,000–4,000 m 2. One alqueire was equal to 24,200 or 48,400 m 2 (it was equal to 8 salamis and it was 33 L in Minas Gerais [1] [6]).
At the height of European colonialism in the 19th century, Portugal had already lost its territory in South America and all but a few bases in Asia. Luanda, Benguela, Bissau, Lourenço Marques, Porto Amboim and the Island of Mozambique were among the oldest Portuguese-founded port cities in its African territories. During this phase, Portuguese ...