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Transient synovitis is a diagnosis of exclusion. [4] The diagnosis can be made in the typical setting of pain or limp in a young child who is not generally unwell and has no recent trauma. There is a limited range of motion of the hip joint. Nevertheless, children with transient synovitis of the hip can usually weight bear.
Although sonography is extremely sensitive in detecting increased synovial fluid, it is nonspecific and cannot be used with accuracy to determine the type of fluid. Transient synovitis of the hip, despite being the most frequent cause of pain in children between 3 and 10 years, remains a diagnosis of exclusion.
Other conditions under possible consideration are dermatomyositis, muscular dystrophy, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, transient synovitis of the hip, osteomyelitis, and myalgia. [1] Few muscle biopsies have been conducted. Results may show normal findings or features of inflammation and necrosis. [1]
Risk Factors. Risk factors for hip pain make you more likely to experience it. Some (but not all) overlap with the causes of hip pain, such as different types of arthritis and injuries.
The most common underlying cause of limping in children is minor physical trauma. In those with no history of trauma, 40% are due to transient synovitis and 2% are from Legg–Calvé–Perthes syndrome. [3] Other important causes are infectious arthritis, osteomyelitis, and slipped capital femoral epiphysis in children. [4] [5]
[3] [4] Septic arthritis is an orthopedic emergency, which, if treatment is delayed, can lead to irreversible joint damage. Septic arthritis occurs more often in childhood than at any other time. [4] [5] Kocher criteria are a useful guide to the diagnosis of septic arthritis in children, especially in the hip, one of the most frequently ...
The primary treatment is rest. This does not mean bed rest or immobilizing the area but avoiding actions which result in aggravation of the pain. Icing the joint may help. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug may relieve pain and reduce the inflammation. If these are ineffective, the definitive treatment is steroid injection into the inflamed ...
[1] [8] [9] [2] [3] [12] For the most severe and chronic forms of sacroiliac dysfunction, treatment should proceed with the support of a sacroiliac belt, injection therapy, and finally, surgery. [ 1 ] [ 8 ] [ 9 ] [ 2 ] [ 18 ] The anti-inflammatory effect of injection therapy is not permanent, and the injections do not offer an opportunity to ...