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  2. De facto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_facto

    In jurisprudence, a de facto law (also known as a de facto regulation) is a law or regulation that is followed but "is not specifically enumerated by a law." [ 4 ] By definition, de facto 'contrasts' de jure which means "as defined by law" or "as a matter of law."

  3. List of Philippine legal terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Philippine_legal_terms

    Definition and use A.C., [1] administrative case [2] N/A: English A case brought under administrative law in the form of a quasi-judicial proceeding by an agency of a non-judicial branch of government, or, the Office of the Court Administrator. Normally, such cases are internal disciplinary matters—court cases criminal and civil can be ...

  4. Sovereign state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sovereign_state

    De facto map of control of the world, May 2019. Most sovereign states are both de jure and de facto (i.e., they exist both according to law and in practice). [48] However, states which are only de jure are sometimes recognised as being the legitimate government of a territory over which they have no actual control. [49]

  5. Maria Lourdes Sereno - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Lourdes_Sereno

    Maria Lourdes "Meilou" Aranal-Sereno (Tagalog: [sɛˈrɛnɔ]; born Maria Lourdes Punzalan Aranal; July 2, 1960) is a Filipina lawyer and judge who served as de facto chief justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines [3] from 2012 until 2018.

  6. Constitution of the Philippines - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Constitution_of_the_Philippines

    The Constitution of the Philippines (Filipino: Saligang Batas ng Pilipinas or Konstitusyon ng Pilipinas) is the supreme law of the Philippines. Its final draft was completed by the Constitutional Commission on October 12, 1986, and ratified by a nationwide plebiscite on February 2, 1987. The Constitution remains unamended to this day.

  7. De facto standard - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De_facto_standard

    De facto is a Latin phrase (literally "of fact"), here meaning "in practice but not necessarily ordained by law" or "in practice or actuality, but not officially established". A de facto standard contrasts an international standard which is defined by an organization such as International Standards Organization , or a standard required by law ...

  8. One-party state - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One-party_state

    The term "de facto one-party state" is sometimes used to describe a dominant-party system that, unlike a one-party state, allows (at least nominally) multiparty elections, but the existing practices or balance of political power effectively prevent the opposition from winning power.

  9. Rule according to higher law - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rule_according_to_higher_law

    The rule according to higher law is a practical approach to the implementation of the higher law theory that creates a bridge of mutual understanding (with regard to universal legal values) between the English-language doctrine of the rule of law, traditional for the countries of common law, and the originally German doctrine of Rechtsstaat ...