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Alendronic acid, sold under the brand name Fosamax among others, is a bisphosphonate medication used to treat osteoporosis and Paget's disease of bone. [4] It is taken by mouth. [ 4 ] Use is often recommended together with vitamin D , calcium supplementation , and lifestyle changes.
Bisphosphonates are used to treat osteoporosis, osteitis deformans (Paget's disease of the bone), bone metastasis (with or without hypercalcemia), multiple myeloma, and other conditions involving fragile, breakable bone. In osteoporosis and Paget's, the most popular first-line bisphosphonate drugs are alendronate and risedronate.
Alendronate, a common bisphosphonate drug, has a three carbon length side chain for example. [17] Risedronate has heterocyclic structure containing nitrogen. Heterocyclic nitrogen containing bisphosphonates have revealed better results in terms of activity compared to earlier bisphosphonates with nitrogen bound to carbon chain. Studies on ...
Examples of bisphosphonates: : Zoledronic acid (Reclast, Zometa), Risedronate (Actonel), Alendronate (Fosamax), Etidronate (Didronel), Ibandronate (Boniva), Pamidronate (Aredia), Tiludronate (Skelid). [32] Denosumab. Denosumab is a monoclonal antibody [33] [34] which is administrated subcutaneously. It inhibits osteoclast differentiation and ...
The degree of risk for osteonecrosis in patients taking oral bisphosphonates, such as alendronate (Fosamax), for osteoporosis is uncertain and warrants careful monitoring. [21] Patients taking dexamethasone and other glucocorticoids are at increased risk. [22]
Bisphosphonates are popular drugs for treatment of osteoporosis. [1] Clodronic acid is a bisphosphonate used as a drug to treat osteoporosis. In biochemistry and medicinal chemistry, phosphonate groups are used as stable bioisosteres for phosphate, such as in the antiviral nucleotide analog, Tenofovir, one of the cornerstones of anti-HIV therapy.
Alendronate decreases fractures of the spine but does not have any effect on other types of fractures. [5] Half stop their medications within a year. [174] When on treatment with bisphosphonates rechecking bone mineral density is not needed. [171] There is tentative evidence of benefit in males with osteoporosis. [175]
Although oral bisphosphonates are more convenient and cheaper, they are not absorbed as well, and intravenous bisphosphonates are generally more effective, although this is under study. Some studies have found oral and intravenous bisphosphonates, such as oral alendronate and intravenous pamidronate, equivalent. [105]