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An EPC, LSTK, or EPCC all are the same types of contracts. This form of contract is covered by the FIDIC (International Federation of Consulting Engineers) Silver Book [2] containing the title words EPC/turnkey. The initials EPCM are also encountered frequently on international projects, but this is very different from EPC.
Lump sum turnkey (LSTK) is a combination of the business-contract concepts of lump sum and turnkey.Lump sum is a noun which means a complete payment consisting of a single sum of money while turnkey is an adjective of a product or service which means product or service will be ready to use upon delivery.
Turnkey refers to something that is ready for immediate use, generally used in the sale or supply of goods or services. The word is a reference to the fact that the customer, upon receiving the product, just needs to turn the ignition key to make it operational, or that the key just needs to be turned over to the customer. [4]
the Silver Book covers projects which will follow the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) and turnkey approach. [10] [12] the Green Book created a short form of contract. [10] The Yellow Book and the Silver Book effectively superseded the Green Book, as it is common for them to be used in the relevant circumstances. [11]
The most common project finance construction contract is the engineering, procurement and construction (EPC) contract. An EPC contract generally provides for the obligation of the contractor to build and deliver the project facilities on a fixed price, turnkey basis, i.e., at a certain pre-determined fixed price, by a certain date, in ...
The difference between this type of contract which is a cost-based contract with lump-sum contract is that in guaranteed maximum price (GMP), if there is any savings resulted from cost under runs, then that would be stipulated price contract, and the contractors will keep the savings obtained from the cost under runs for themselves and there is ...
In Design-Bid-Build, owner develops contract documents with an architect or an engineer consisting of a set of blueprints and a detailed specification. Bids are solicited from contractors based on these documents; a contract is then awarded to the lowest responsive and responsible bidder. This is the traditional model for public sector ...
Build–operate–transfer (BOT) or build–own–operate–transfer (BOOT) is a form of project delivery method, usually for large-scale infrastructure projects, wherein a private entity receives a concession from the public sector (or the private sector on rare occasions) to finance, design, construct, own, and operate a facility stated in the concession contract.