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Wood wing spars of multipiece construction usually consist of upper and lower members, called spar caps, and vertical sheet wood members, known as shear webs or more simply webs, that span the distance between the spar caps. Even in modern times, "homebuilt replica aircraft" such as the replica Spitfires use laminated wooden spars.
During production of the prototype, it was discovered that the adhesive used in delta wood caused skin irritation and safety procedures needed to be devised for workers. [2] The full wooden wing (with plywood surfaces) was analogous to that of the Yak-1. The only difference was that the LaGG's wings were built from two spars.
The wooden wings were 70 cm thick at the base and 25 cm at the ends, with internal bracing and built around four square steel spars.The main spar was 70 cm high and fixed at the front third of the wing; the others (i fore, 2 aft) hinged in the middle of their axes, allowing the wings to 'warp' to provide lateral control of the machine.
The Tipsy S.2 was a wooden framed machine, covered with a mixture of plywood and canvas. The wing was built around an I-section main spar at about one quarter chord and an auxiliary rear box spar. These spars were linked by a rigid diagonal pyramid bracing.
The glider featured two wooden parallel trusses running along its spine, with two widely spaced truss wing spars. Wing ribs were attached to the spar with varnished shoelaces. The wing shape featured a straight leading edge with the trailing edge tapering back to the tail giving it a distinctive "Half Pie" appearance from the top.
The spars are made of spruce wood with plywood wooden wing ribs. The base engine is a Lycoming O-360 180 hp (134 kW) engine, but alternative examples have been built using the Lycoming IO-540, Ranger, Ford V-8 and V-6, Continental, Jacobs, and even Pratt & Whitney R-985 engines. [2]
The Fw 56 was a parasol-wing monoplane aircraft with a fuselage of steel tube construction, which was clad in metal towards the front and canvas elsewhere. The wing was made of wood and covered mostly in plywood, while the trailing edge was fabric-covered. The fixed conventional undercarriage consisted of two cantilever main legs and a tailskid
In terms of its profile, it was relatively thick towards the fuselage and reduced only on the lower side from this point to the wing tips. Orthodox wooden construction was used for the wings, the covering being fabric. [7] Both of the box spars were braced using a combination of steel tubes and wires to form rigid supports for the ribs.