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  2. Meteorological instrumentation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meteorological_instrumentation

    Meteorological instruments (or weather instruments), including meteorological sensors (weather sensors), are the equipment used to find the state of the atmosphere at a given time. Each science has its own unique sets of laboratory equipment.

  3. List of weather instruments - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_weather_instruments

    Weather stations typically have these following instruments: Thermometer for measuring air and sea surface temperature; Barometer for measuring atmospheric pressure; Hygrometer for measuring humidity; Anemometer for measuring wind speed; Pyranometer for measuring solar radiation; Rain gauge for measuring liquid precipitation over a set period ...

  4. Diamond anvil cell - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diamond_anvil_cell

    The operation of the diamond anvil cell relies on a simple principle: =, where p is the pressure, F the applied force, and A the area. Typical culet sizes for diamond anvils are 100–250 micrometres (μm), such that a very high pressure is achieved by applying a moderate force on a sample with a small area, rather than applying a large force on a large area.

  5. Barometer - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barometer

    An altimeter is intended to be used at different levels matching the corresponding atmospheric pressure to the altitude, while a barometer is kept at the same level and measures subtle pressure changes caused by weather and elements of weather. The average atmospheric pressure on the Earth's surface varies between 940 and 1040 hPa (mbar).

  6. Barograph - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barograph

    The line between two of these marks is called the 'characteristic of barometric tendency' and is used by weather forecasters. The observer would first note if the pressure was lower or higher than three hours prior. Next, a code number would be chosen that best represents the three-hour trace.

  7. Atmospheric infrared sounder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_infrared_sounder

    Its ability to provide simultaneous observations of the Earth's atmospheric temperature, water vapor, ocean surface temperature, and land surface temperature and infrared spectral emissivity, as well as humidity, clouds and the distribution of greenhouse gases, makes AIRS/AMSU a very useful space instrument to observe and study the response of ...

  8. Gravimetry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravimetry

    "SGs", as they are called, can detect and characterize Earth tides, changes in the density of the atmosphere, the effect of changes in the shape of the surface of the ocean, the effect of the atmosphere's pressure on the Earth, changes in the rate of rotation of the Earth, oscillations of the Earth's core, distant and nearby seismic events, and ...

  9. Atmospheric chemistry - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atmospheric_chemistry

    Atmospheric chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science that studies the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets. This multidisciplinary approach of research draws on environmental chemistry, physics, meteorology, computer modeling, oceanography, geology and volcanology, climatology and other disciplines to understand both natural and human-induced changes in atmospheric ...