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Fixation (German: Fixierung) [1] is a concept (in human psychology) that was originated by Sigmund Freud (1905) to denote the persistence of anachronistic sexual traits. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] The term subsequently came to denote object relationships with attachments to people or things in general persisting from childhood into adult life.
According to intellectual historian Jan E. Goldstein, the initial introduction of idée fixe as a medical term occurred around 1812 in connection with monomania. [1] The French psychiatrist Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol considered an idée fixe – in other words an unhealthy fixation on a single object – to be the principal symptom of monomania. [2]
Ambiguity effect; Assembly bonus effect; Audience effect; Baader–Meinhof effect; Barnum effect; Bezold effect; Birthday-number effect; Boomerang effect; Bouba/kiki effect
In psychology, intellectualization (intellectualisation) is a defense mechanism by which reasoning is used to block confrontation with an unconscious conflict and its associated emotional stress – where thinking is used to avoid feeling. [1] It involves emotionally removing one's self from a stressful event.
In social psychology, social buffering is a phenomenon where social connections can alleviate negative consequences of stressful events.. Although there are other models and theories to describe how social support can help reduce individuals' stress responses, social buffering hypothesis is one of the dominant ones.
Frustration or over-gratification was said to result in an oral fixation and in an oral type of character, characterized by feeling dependent on others for nurturing and by behaviors representative of the oral stage. Later psychoanalytic theories shifted the focus from a drive-based approach of dependency to the recognition of the importance of ...
When exposed to stress, it serves as the centre to interpret the stressors and determine the appropriate behavioural and psychological responses. [7] Therefore, exposure to chronic stress will have a direct impact on brain function. [7] For instance, chronic stress inhibits neuron growth inside the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex. [5]
This reduces influence of framing effects and leads to greater consistency across frames of a given scenario. [24] Children between the ages of 10 and 12 are more likely to take risks and show framing effects, while younger children only considered the quantitative differences between the two options presented.