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  2. Food sampling - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_sampling

    To undertake any analysis, unless the whole amount of food to be considered is very small so that the food can be used for testing in its entirety, it is usually necessary for a portion of it to be taken (e.g. a small quantity from a full production batch, or a portion of what is on sale in a shop) – this process is known as food sampling.

  3. Radiocarbon dating samples - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiocarbon_dating_samples

    A particular difficulty with dried peat is the removal of rootlets, which are likely to be hard to distinguish from the sample material. [2] Soil and sediments. Soil contains organic material, but because of contamination by humic acid of more recent origin, it is very difficult to get satisfactory radiocarbon dates. It is preferable to sieve ...

  4. Food packaging - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_packaging

    Testing modified atmosphere in a plastic bag of carrots. Food packaging is a packaging system specifically designed for food and represents one of the most important aspects among the processes involved in the food industry, as it provides protection from chemical, biological and physical alterations. [1]

  5. Soil contamination - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_contamination

    Ingesting food or vegetables grown in contaminated soil or with foods in contact with contaminants; Skin contact with dust or soil; Vapors from the soil; Inhaling clouds of dust while working in soils or windy environments; However, some studies estimate that 90% of exposure is through eating contaminated food. [16]

  6. Environmental monitoring - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_monitoring

    Soil monitoring involves the collection and/or analysis of soil and its associated quality, constituents, and physical status to determine or guarantee its fitness for use. Soil faces many threats, including compaction, contamination, organic material loss, biodiversity loss, slope stability issues, erosion, salinization, and acidification ...

  7. Environmental radioactivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_radioactivity

    The distribution coefficient K d is the ratio of the soil's radioactivity (Bq g −1) to that of the soil water (Bq ml −1). If the radioactivity is tightly bonded to by the minerals in the soil then less radioactivity can be absorbed by crops and grass growing in the soil. Cs-137 K d = 1000; Pu-239 K d = 10000 to 100000; Sr-90 K d = 80 to 150 ...

  8. Biodegradation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodegradation

    The first known use of biodegradable in a biological context was in 1959 when it was employed to describe the breakdown of material into innocuous components by microorganisms. [57] Now biodegradable is commonly associated with environmentally friendly products that are part of the earth's innate cycles like the carbon cycle and capable of ...

  9. Food contaminant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_contaminant

    A food contaminant is a harmful chemical or microorganism present in food, which can cause illness to the consumer. Contaminated food . The impact of chemical contaminants on consumer health and well-being is often apparent only after many years of processing and prolonged exposure at low levels (e.g., cancer). Unlike food-borne pathogens ...