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  2. The Four-Way Test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Four-Way_Test

    The Four-Way Test. The Four-Way Test of the things we think, say or do is a test used by Rotarians world-wide as a moral code for personal and business relationships. The test can be applied to almost any aspect of life. [ 1 ] The test was scripted by Herbert J. Taylor, an American from Chicago, as he set out to save the Club Aluminum Products ...

  3. Moral foundations theory - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_foundations_theory

    Their Daedalus article became the first statement of moral foundations theory, [1] which Haidt, Graham, Joseph, and others have since elaborated and refined, for example by splitting the originally proposed ethic of hierarchy into the separate moral foundations of ingroup and authority, and by proposing a tentative sixth foundation of liberty. [2]

  4. Heinz dilemma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heinz_dilemma

    The Heinz dilemma is a frequently used example in many ethics and morality classes. One well-known version of the dilemma, used in Lawrence Kohlberg 's stages of moral development, is stated as follows: [1] A woman was on her deathbed. There was one drug that the doctors said would save her. It was a form of radium that a druggist in the same ...

  5. Moral responsibility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moral_responsibility

    Moral responsibility. In philosophy, moral responsibility is the status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward, or punishment for an act or omission in accordance with one's moral obligations. [1][2] Deciding what (if anything) counts as "morally obligatory" is a principal concern of ethics. Philosophers refer to people who have moral ...

  6. Ethics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics

    Ethics, also called moral philosophy, is the study of moral phenomena. It is one of the main branches of philosophy and investigates the nature of morality and the principles that govern the moral evaluation of conduct, character traits, and institutions. It examines what obligations people have, what behavior is right and wrong, and how to ...

  7. Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Groundwork_of_the...

    Groundwork of the Metaphysics of Morals (1785; German: Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten; also known as the Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals, Grounding of the Metaphysics of Morals, and the Grounding for the Metaphysics of Morals) is the first of Immanuel Kant's mature works on moral philosophy and the first of his trilogy of major works on ethics alongside the Critique of ...

  8. Proust Questionnaire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proust_Questionnaire

    Proust answered the questionnaire in a confession album —a form of parlor game popular among Victorians. [2] The album belonged to his friend Antoinette, daughter of future French President Félix Faure, titled "An Album to Record Thoughts, Feelings, etc." The album was found in 1924 by Faure's son, and published in the French literary ...

  9. Ethical dilemma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethical_dilemma

    Type of dilemma in philosophy. In philosophy, an ethical dilemma, also called an ethical paradoxor moral dilemma, is a situation in which two or more conflicting moral imperatives, none of which overrides the other, confront an agent. A closely related definition characterizes an ethical dilemmaas a situation in which every available choice is ...