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Speech–language pathology (a.k.a. speech and language pathology or logopedics) is a healthcare and academic discipline concerning the evaluation, treatment, and prevention of communication disorders, including expressive and mixed receptive-expressive language disorders, voice disorders, speech sound disorders, speech disfluency, pragmatic language impairments, and social communication ...
The study of communication disorders has a history that can be traced all the way back to the ancient Greeks.Modern clinical linguistics, however, largely has its roots in the twentieth century, with the term ‘clinical linguistics’ gaining wider currency in the 1970s, with it being used as the title of a book by prominent linguist David Crystal in 1981. [2]
For example, the definitions offered by the American Speech–Language–Hearing Association differ from those of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual 4th edition (DSM-IV). [ 4 ] Gleason (2001) defines a communication disorder as a speech and language disorder which refers to problems in communication and in related areas such as oral motor function.
the study of speech sounds: how the brain extracts speech sounds from an acoustic signal, how the brain separates speech sounds from background noise Phonology: the study of how sounds are organized in a language: how the phonological system of a particular language is represented in the brain Morphology and lexicology
Wendell Johnson (April 16, 1906 – August 29, 1965) was an American psychologist, author and was a proponent of general semantics (or GS). His life work contributed greatly to speech–language pathology, particularly in understanding the area of stuttering, as Johnson himself stuttered.
Available published tests of phonological awareness (for example PhAB2 [7]) are often used by teachers, psychologists and speech therapists to help understand difficulties in this aspect of language and literacy. Although the tasks vary, they share the basic requirement that some operation (e.g., identifying, comparing, separating, combining ...
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Common clinical features of ataxic dysarthria include abnormalities in speech modulation, rate of speech, explosive or scanning speech, slurred speech, irregular stress patterns, and vocalic and consonantal misarticulations. [13] [14] Ataxic dysarthria is associated with damage to the left cerebellar hemisphere in right-handed patients. [15]