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Biomimetic architecture is a branch of the new science of biomimicry defined and popularized by Janine Benyus in her 1997 book (Biomimicry: Innovation Inspired by Nature). ). Biomimicry (bios - life and mimesis - imitate) refers to innovations inspired by nature as one which studies nature and then imitates or takes inspiration from its designs and processes to solve human problem
One of the early examples of biomimicry was the study of birds to enable human flight.Although never successful in creating a "flying machine", Leonardo da Vinci (1452–1519) was a keen observer of the anatomy and flight of birds, and made numerous notes and sketches on his observations as well as sketches of "flying machines". [8]
In 2007 he established Exploration Architecture to develop work that employs biomimicry [7] as a guiding principal and brings together three lifelong passions - biology, design and the environment. At TED Salon London, November 2010, Michael Pawlyn became one of the small number of architects to have a talk posted to TED. [8]
Bionic architecture has been heavily criticised for being difficult to maintain due to its tendency to be overly technical. [14] For example: The East Gate Centre in Harare, Zimbabwe had to follow a strict set of rules during its creation. Its engineers claimed that the outer walls must not be under direct sunlight, the window to wall ratio ...
Exploration Architecture [1] was established in 2007 by architect Michael Pawlyn (b. 1967). Based in London [ 2 ] the studio develops projects with clients using biomimicry as a guiding principle to conceive of high performance, sustainable buildings.
This architecture is an example of ecologically focused structures that seek to replicate some of the properties of living systems, such as rainforests. It is a form of biomimicry, a practice, common in experimental architecture, that learns from and mimics the strategies found in nature to solve human design challenges. [16]
Her book Biomimicry (1997) attracted widespread attention from businesspeople in design, architecture, and engineering as well as from scientists. Benyus argues that by following biomimetic approaches, designers can develop products that will perform better, be less expansive, use less energy, and leave companies less open to legal risk.
Other well known examples of biomorphism in architecture can be found in the Lotus Temple in New Delhi, by Fariborz Sahba, based on a lotus flower, [15] and the TWA Flight Center building in New York City, by Eero Saarinen, inspired by the form of a bird’s wing.