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Sir Alexander Fleming FRS FRSE FRCS [2] (6 August 1881 – 11 March 1955) was a Scottish physician and microbiologist, best known for discovering the world's first broadly effective antibiotic substance, which he named penicillin.
Sample of penicillin mould presented by Alexander Fleming to Douglas Macleod in 1935. The discovery of penicillin was one of the most important scientific discoveries in the history of medicine. Ancient societies used moulds to treat infections and in the following centuries many people observed the inhibition of bacterial growth by moulds.
Electrocardiography: Alexander Muirhead (1869) [143] [144] Discovery of Staphylococcus: Sir Alexander Ogston (1880) [145] Discovering insulin: John Macleod (1876–1935) with others [10] The discovery led him to be awarded the 1923 Nobel prize in Medicine. [146] Penicillin: Sir Alexander Fleming (1881–1955) [9]
Alexander Fleming in his laboratory at St Mary's Hospital, London. While working at St Mary's Hospital, London in 1928, Alexander Fleming, a Scottish physician was investigating the variation of growth in cultures of S. aureus. [21] In August, he spent the summer break with his family at his country home The Dhoon at Barton Mills, Suffolk.
For context, the major civilizations of this period are Egypt, Mesopotamia, and the Indus Valley, with Greece rising in importance towards the end of the third millennium BC. The Indus Valley script remains undeciphered and there are very little surviving fragments of its writing, thus any inference about scientific discoveries in that region ...
1928 – Alexander Fleming notices that a certain mould could stop the duplication of bacteria, leading to the first antibiotic: penicillin. 1933 – Hybrid corn is commercialized. 1942 – Penicillin is mass-produced in microbes for the first time. 1950 – The first synthetic antibiotic is created.
Howard Walter Florey, Baron Florey, OM FRS FRCP (/ ˈ f l ɔːr i /; 24 September 1898 – 21 February 1968) was an Australian pharmacologist and pathologist who shared the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 with Ernst Chain and Sir Alexander Fleming for his role in the development of penicillin.
This led him and Florey to revisit the work of Alexander Fleming, who had described penicillin nine years earlier. Chain and Florey went on to discover penicillin's therapeutic action and its chemical composition. Chain and Florey discovered how to isolate and concentrate the germ-killing agent in penicillin.