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[4] [5] The gel Leppin Squeezy was distributed at the Hawaii Ironman Triathlon in 1988. Once considered a "cult product in clear packaging", energy gel products are now marketed in fancy packaging [6] and come in a variety of flavors. [3] The energy gel market grew during the 1990s, as professional athletes began endorsing products.
Consistency and viscosity affect the adhesion and retention property of the gel, and are important in ensuring the gel is retained at the site of application and effective delivery of the drug. [3] The ingredients in topical gel formulation can be broadly categorized into four types: gelator, solvent, drug, and excipients.
The classifications of substances as performance-enhancing substances are not entirely clear-cut and objective. As in other types of categorization, certain prototype performance enhancers are universally classified as such (like anabolic steroids), whereas other substances (like vitamins and protein supplements) are virtually never classified as performance enhancers despite their effects on ...
Potato starch slurry Roux. A thickening agent or thickener is a substance which can increase the viscosity of a liquid without substantially changing its other properties. Edible thickeners are commonly used to thicken sauces, soups, and puddings without altering their taste; thickeners are also used in paints, inks, explosives, and cosmetics.
Penetration enhancers have been applied to improve the absorption of poorly permeable, hydrophilic drugs or macromolecules. [10] Permeation enhancers that have been used successfully for oral drug development include medium-chain fatty acids like caprylic acid [ 11 ] or caprate, or its amino acid ester like Salcaprozate sodium (SNAC). [ 12 ]
Mechanicus may refer to: Philo of Byzantium (ca. 280 BC – ca. 220 BC), also known as Philo Mechanicus, an ancient Greek engineer and writer Athenaeus Mechanicus , an ancient Greek author of a book on siegecraft, active 1st century BC
Bioenhancers or biopotentiators [1] or bioavailability enhancers is a new chapter in medical science first scientifically established in 1979 after the discovery of world's first bioenhancer piperine. [2] It is a pocket friendly drug technology which reduces the destruction, wastage and elimination of several orally administered drugs inside ...
Neuroenhancement or cognitive enhancement is the experimental use of pharmacological or non-pharmacological methods intended to improve cognitive and affective ...