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Pasteurized milk in Japan A 1912 Chicago Department of Health poster explains household pasteurization to mothers.. In food processing, pasteurization (also pasteurisation) is a process of food preservation in which packaged foods (e.g., milk and fruit juices) are treated with mild heat, usually to less than 100 °C (212 °F), to eliminate pathogens and extend shelf life.
The standard US protocol for flash pasteurization of milk, 71.7 °C (161 °F) for 15 seconds in order to kill Coxiella burnetii (the most heat-resistant pathogen found in raw milk), was introduced in 1933, and results in 5-log reduction (99.999%) or greater reduction in harmful bacteria. [4]
Alicyclobacilli are strictly aerobic, acidophilic, mesophilic to thermophilic, soil-dwelling organisms. [2] Alicyclobacilli are of special interest to the fruit juice canning industry because common pasteurization techniques (92 °C for 10 seconds) do not deactivate the spores; [3] Alicyclobacillus species can have a D 95-value of over 8 minutes (requiring treatment of over 8 minutes at 95 °C ...
The 2013 FDA Food Code states that in serving highly susceptible populations (preschool age children; older adults; individuals with compromised immune systems; and individuals who receive meals through custodial care-giving environments such as child or adult day care centers, kidney dialysis centers, hospitals, or nursing homes [5]): [3]
A Tetra Pak ultra-pasteurization line. Ultra-high temperature processing ( UHT ), ultra-heat treatment , or ultra-pasteurization [ 1 ] is a food processing technology that sterilizes liquid food by heating it above 140 °C (284 °F) – the temperature required to kill bacterial endospores – for two to five seconds. [ 2 ]
American raw milk. Pasteurization is a sanitation process in which milk is heated briefly to a temperature high enough to kill pathogens, followed by rapid cooling.While different times and temperatures may be used by different processors, pasteurization is most commonly achieved with heating to 161 degrees Fahrenheit (71.7 degrees Celsius) for 15 seconds.
PEF for food processing is a developing technology still being researched. There have been limited industrial applications of PEF processing for the pasteurization of fruit juices. To date, several PEF treated juices are available on the market in Europe. Furthermore, for several years a juice pasteurization application in the US has used PEF.
Some cheeses, including varieties of blue cheese, are made from thermized milk. Thermization, also spelled thermisation, is a method of sanitizing raw milk with low heat. . "Thermization is a generic description of a range of subpasteurization heat treatments (57 to 68°C × 10 to 20 s) that markedly reduce the number of spoilage bacteria in milk with minimal heat dama