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Here, graphitic circuitry is created on the paper-based microfluidic device by repeatedly sketching with a pencil. [55] [56] [57] For example, this electrical integration method was used in a completely hand-drawn paper microfluidic device for point-of-care cancer screening. [57]
Microfluidic flows need only be constrained by geometrical length scale – the modalities and methods used to achieve such a geometrical constraint are highly dependent on the targeted application. [10] Traditionally, microfluidic flows have been generated inside closed channels with the channel cross section being in the order of 10 μm x 10 μm.
Microfluidics refers to the flow of fluid in channels or networks with at least one dimension on the micron scale. [1] [2] In open microfluidics, also referred to as open surface microfluidics or open-space microfluidics, at least one boundary confining the fluid flow of a system is removed, exposing the fluid to air or another interface such as a second fluid.
In early attempts to integrate chromatography with droplet microfluidics, the lower flow rates and pressures required for 2-D capillary LC provided less of an obstacle to overcome in combining these technologies and made it possible to couple multiple 2-D separation techniques into one device (i.e. HPLC x LC, LC x LC, and HPLC x HPLC). [213]
For example, generating oxygen gradients was achieved by single-thin-layer PDMS construction within channels (thicknesses less than 50 μm, diffusion coefficient of oxygen in native PDMS at 25 °C, D= 3.55x10 −5 cm 2 s −1) without using gas cylinders or oxygen scavenging agents; thus the microfluidic cell culture device can be placed in ...
Two-dimensional chromatography is a type of chromatographic technique in which the injected sample is separated by passing through two different separation stages. Two different chromatographic columns are connected in sequence, and the effluent from the first system is transferred onto the second column. [ 1 ]
A large benefit of employing this type of method is that it allows for two different environments to be accessible by the droplet, which can be taken advantage of by splitting the microfluidic tasks among the two surfaces. For example, while the lower plane can be used to move droplets, the upper plate can carry out the necessary chemical and ...
The difference between TLC and paper chromatography is that the stationary phase in TLC is a layer of adsorbent (usually silica gel, or aluminium oxide), and the stationary phase in paper chromatography is less absorbent paper. A paper chromatography variant, two-dimensional chromatography, involves using two solvents and rotating the paper 90 ...