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There are methods that a subclass cannot override. For example, in Java, a method that is declared final in the super class cannot be overridden. Methods that are declared private or static cannot be overridden either because they are implicitly final. It is also impossible for a class that is declared final to become a super class. [9]
In object-oriented programming, a covariant return type of a method is one that can be replaced by a "narrower" (derived) type when the method is overridden in a subclass. A notable language in which this is a fairly common paradigm is C++. C# supports return type covariance as of version 9.0. [1]
override (or asymmetric sum): an operation that forms a new trait by adding methods to an existing trait, possibly overriding some of its methods; alias: an operation that creates a new trait by adding a new name for an existing method; exclusion: an operation that forms a
And even if methods owned by the base class call the virtual method, they will instead be calling the derived method. Overloading occurs when two or more methods in one class have the same method name but different parameters. Overriding means having two methods with the same method name and parameters. Overloading is also referred to as ...
Method overloading, on the other hand, refers to differentiating the code used to handle a message based on the parameters of the method. If one views the receiving object as the first parameter in any method then overriding is just a special case of overloading where the selection is based only on the first argument.
Template (also called generic) functions or methods apply the duck test in a static typing context; this brings all of the advantages and disadvantages of static versus dynamic type checking. Duck typing can also be more flexible in that only the methods actually called at runtime must be implemented, while templates require implementations of ...
In some systems for object-oriented programming such as the Common Lisp Object System (CLOS) [1] and Dylan, a generic function is an entity made up of all methods having the same name. Typically a generic function is an instance of a class that inherits both from function and standard-object. Thus generic functions are both functions (that can ...
In the Java computer programming language, an annotation is a form of syntactic metadata that can be added to Java source code. [1] Classes, methods, variables, parameters and Java packages may be annotated. Like Javadoc tags, Java annotations can be read from source files.