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The origins of spinning fibre to make string or yarn are lost in time, but archaeological evidence in the form of representation of string skirts has been dated to the Upper Paleolithic era some 20,000 years ago. [1] There has also been recent discovery of plied cord spun by Neanderthals and dating back 41,000-52,000 years. [2]
Neanderthals also consumed a variety of plants and mushrooms across their range. [218] [219] They possibly employed a wide range of cooking techniques, such as roasting, [220] smoking, [221] and curing. [222] Neanderthals competed with several large carnivores, but also seem to have hunted them down, namely cave lions, wolves, and cave bears. [32]
Neanderthals also suffered extensively because of their competitors. A 2016 study looking at 124 Neanderthal specimens argued that high trauma rates were instead caused by animal attacks , and found that about 36% of the sample were victims of bear attacks , 21% big cat attacks, and 17% wolf attacks (totalling 92 positive cases, 74%).
Neanderthals repeatedly returned to Shanidar Cave to lay their dead to rest. The remains of 10 Neanderthals have been unearthed at the site, half of which appear to have been buried deliberately ...
Plus, there’s the mysterious disappearance of Neanderthals 39,000 years ago. Akey said he thinks mating between humans and Neanderthals might have led to the latter’s vanishing.
The hearth was found in a cave complex that had previously been shielded by sands for 40,000 years
Art of the European Upper Paleolithic includes rock and cave painting, jewelry, [12] [13] drawing, carving, engraving and sculpture in clay, bone, antler, [14] stone [15] and ivory, such as the Venus figurines, and musical instruments such as flutes. Decoration was also made on functional tools, such as spear throwers, perforated batons and lamps.
In July 2021, scientists reported the discovery of a bone carving, one of the world's oldest works of art, made by Neanderthals about 51,000 years ago. [9] [10] The Mask of La Roche-Cotard has also been argued as being evidence of Neanderthal figurative art, although in a period post-dating their contact with Homo sapiens.