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Nitrogen tribromide reacts instantly with ammonia in dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to yield NBrH 2. [7] NBr 3 + 2 NH 3 → 3 NH 2 Br. It also reacts with iodine in dichloromethane solution at −87 °C to produce NBr 2 I, which is a red-brown solid that stable up to -20 °C. [7] NBr 3 + I 2 → NBr 2 I + IBr
The attractive force draws molecules closer together and gives a real gas a tendency to occupy a smaller volume than an ideal gas. Which interaction is more important depends on temperature and pressure (see compressibility factor). In a gas, the distances between molecules are generally large, so intermolecular forces have only a small effect.
Nitrogen trichloride, also known as trichloramine, is the chemical compound with the formula NCl 3. This yellow, oily, and explosive liquid is most commonly encountered as a product of chemical reactions between ammonia -derivatives and chlorine (for example, in swimming pools ).
It is far less reactive than the other nitrogen trihalides nitrogen trichloride, nitrogen tribromide, and nitrogen triiodide, all of which are explosive. Alone among the nitrogen trihalides it has a negative enthalpy of formation. It is prepared in modern times both by direct reaction of ammonia and fluorine and by a variation of Ruff's method. [6]
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Nitrogen tribromide (NBr 3), first prepared in 1975, is a deep red, temperature-sensitive, volatile solid that is explosive even at −100 °C. Nitrogen triiodide (NI 3) is still more unstable and was only prepared in 1990.