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Khalifa or Khalifah (Arabic: خليفة, romanized: Khalīfa; commonly "caliph" in English) is a name or title which means "successor", "ruler" or "leader". It most commonly refers to the leader of a Caliphate , but is also used as a title among various Islamic religious groups and others.
A caliphate (Arabic: خِلَافَةْ, romanized: khilāfah) is an institution or public office under the leadership of an Islamic steward with the title of caliph [1] [2] [3] (/ ˈ k æ l ɪ f, ˈ k eɪ-/; خَلِيفَةْ khalīfa [xæ'liːfæh], pronunciation ⓘ), a person considered a political–religious successor to the Islamic prophet Muhammad and a leader of the entire Muslim ...
A caliph is the supreme religious and political leader of an Islamic state known as the caliphate. [1] [2] Caliphs (also known as 'Khalifas') led the Muslim Ummah as political successors to the Islamic prophet Muhammad, [3] and widely-recognised caliphates have existed in various forms for most of Islamic history.
The Ottoman Caliphate (Ottoman Turkish: خلافت مقامى, romanized: hilâfet makamı, lit. 'office of the caliphate') was the claim of the heads of the Turkish Ottoman dynasty, rulers of the Ottoman Empire, to be the caliphs of Islam in the late medieval and early modern era.
Abu al-ʿAbbās Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿal-ʿAbbās (Arabic: أبو العباس عبد الله ابن محمد ابن علي, romanized: Abū al-ʿAbbās ʿAbd Allāh ibn Muḥammad ibn ʿAlī ; 721/722 – 8 June 754), [1] known by his laqab al-Saffah (Arabic: السفّاح, romanized: al-Saffāḥ), was the first caliph of the Abbasid Caliphate, one ...
The Al Khalifas profess Sunni Islam and belong to the Anizah tribe. Some members of this tribe joined the Utub alliance which migrated from Najd in central Arabia to Kuwait , then ruled all of Qatar , more specifically Al Zubarah , which they built and ruled over before settling in Bahrain in the early 17th century.
From 1253, the Hafsids of Ifriqiya claimed the caliphate, and were followed by the Marinids of Morocco, following whom all successive Moroccan dynasties—the last two of them, the Sa'di dynasty and the current Alawi dynasty, also by virtue of their claimed descent from Muhammad [5] —have also claimed it. [1]
In Islamic writings, these honorific prefixes and suffixes come before and after the names of all the prophets (of whom there are 124,000 in Islam, the last of whom is the Prophet of Islam Muhammad [2]), the Imams (the twelve Imams in the Shia school of thought), specially the infallibles in Shia Islam and the prominent individuals who followed ...