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Terms associated with right-doing in Islam include: Akhlaq (Arabic: أخلاق) is the practice of virtue, morality and manners in Islamic theology and falsafah ().The science of ethics (`Ilm al-Akhlaq) teaches that through practice and conscious effort man can surpass their natural dispositions and natural state to become more ethical and well mannered.
Islamic ethics (Arabic: أخلاق إسلامية) is the "philosophical reflection upon moral conduct" with a view to defining "good character" and attaining the "pleasure of God" (raza-e Ilahi). [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is distinguished from " Islamic morality ", which pertains to "specific norms or codes of behavior".
Contemporary Islamic philosophy revives some of the trends of medieval Islamic philosophy, notably the tension between Mutazilite and Asharite views of ethics in science and law, and the duty of Muslims and role of Islam in the sociology of knowledge and in forming ethical codes and legal codes, especially the fiqh (or "jurisprudence") and rules of jihad (or "just war").
Sociology of morality is the branch of sociology that deals with the sociological investigation of the nature, causes, and consequences of people's ideas about morality. Sociologists of morality ask questions on why particular groups of people have the moral views that they do, and what are the effects of these views on behavior, interaction ...
Islam recognizes no distinction among human beings based on color, language or tribe. All are considered equal in receiving human rights and in discharge duties. According to Islamic teaching, no privileged or chosen class exists except those having piety or moral excellence. [36] A Quranic injunction forbids the Muslims to underestimate others.
[5] In the views of some, morality and religion can overlap. [6] One definition sees morality as an active process which is, "at the very least, the effort to guide one's conduct by reason, that is, doing what there are the best reasons for doing, while giving equal consideration to the interests of all those affected by what one does."
The rise of Islam led to the emergence of various Islamic philosophical schools of thought. Schools influenced by Sufism involved esoteric philosophy, while the Mu'tazili school (partly influenced by Hellenistic philosophy ) reconstructed rationalism , and the Ash'ari school reshaped logical and rational interpretation of God , justice ...
Islamic religious scholars applied the term to cover a whole range of appropriate behavior, and the term frequently appears in hadiths. The term became popular and used in many contexts; for example, in the 10th century, the Brethren of Purity (Ikhwān al-Ṣafā) devoted much text to their philosophical exploration of the adab, and Abu Hayyan ...