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Although ppmv and grains per dscf have been used in the above examples, concentrations such as ppbv (i.e., parts per billion by volume), volume percent, grams per dscm and many others may also be used. 1 percent by volume = 10,000 ppmv (i.e., parts per million by volume).
Although ppmv and mg/m 3 have been used for the examples in all of the following sections, concentrations such as ppbv (i.e., parts per billion by volume), volume percent, mole percent and many others may also be used for gaseous pollutants.
For volume fraction, the suffix "V" or "v" is sometimes appended to the parts-per notation (e.g. ppmV, ppbv, pptv). [ 8 ] [ 9 ] However, ppbv and pptv are usually used to mean mole fractions – "volume fraction" would literally mean what volume of a pure substance is included in a given volume of a mixture, and this is rarely used except in ...
Around 31% of Millennials currently have under $1,000 in savings. Another 21% have between $1,000-$5,000, and then 9% of Millennials have $5,001-$10,000. Does that seem bleak? Yes. Absolutely. The ...
A week after wind-whipped wildfires began their deadly rampage through Southern California, details on acreage burned, structures destroyed and people killed are routinely updated on a state ...
In Source Code, Gates opens up about “generating so much turmoil” as a boy — a self-described "smart aleck" with a penchant for being "particularly mean.". He recalls one episode that ...
40 – 200 ppbv ~ 60 days Photochemical, combustion, anthropogenic OH Ozone: O 3: 10 – 200 ppbv (troposphere) Days – months Photochemical photolysis Formaldehyde: HCHO 0.1 – 10 ppbv ~ 1.5 hours Photochemical OH, photolysis Nitrogen species: NO x: 10 pptv – 1 ppmv Variable Soils, anthropogenic, lightning OH Ammonia: NH 3: 10 pptv – 1 ...
Ground-level ozone (O 3), also known as surface-level ozone and tropospheric ozone, is a trace gas in the troposphere (the lowest level of the Earth's atmosphere), with an average concentration of 20–30 parts per billion by volume (ppbv), with close to 100 ppbv in polluted areas.