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In aviation, the rule of three or "3:1 rule of descent" is a rule of thumb that 3 nautical miles (5.6 km) of travel should be allowed for every 1,000 feet (300 m) of descent. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] For example, a descent from flight level 350 would require approximately 35x3=105 nautical miles.
The airplane's Pilot Operating Handbook has a table of fuel burned, time, and distance to reach a given altitude from sea level. To calculate the values for airport at 900 m (3,000 ft), you subtract the values for sea level to 900 m (3,000 ft) from the sea level to cruise altitude. [1]
In aviation, a minimum crossing altitude (MCA) is the lowest altitude at which a navigational fix can be crossed when entering or continuing along an airway that will allow an aircraft to clear all obstacles while carrying out a normal climb to the required minimum en route IFR altitude (MEA) of the airway in question beyond the fix.
Specifically, it is the density altitude at which flying in a clean configuration, at the best rate of climb airspeed for that altitude and with all engines operating and producing maximum continuous power, will produce a given rate of climb. A typical value might be 100 ft/min (0.51 m/s) climb, [1] or on the order of 500 ft/min (2.5 m/s) climb ...
In aviation, vertical navigation (VNAV, usually pronounced vee-nav) is glidepath information provided during an instrument approach, independently of ground-based navigation aids in the context of an approach and a form of vertical guidance in the context of climb/descent. An onboard navigation system displays a constant rate descent path to ...
Class B TAWS is defined by the U.S. FAA as: [3] [22] A class of equipment that is defined in TSO-C151b and RTCA DO-161A. [23] As a minimum, it will provide alerts for the following circumstances: Reduced required terrain clearance; Imminent terrain impact; Premature descent; Excessive rates of descent; Negative climb rate or altitude loss after ...
In aviation, a climb or ascent is the operation of increasing the altitude of an aircraft. It is also the logical phase of a typical flight (the climb phase or climbout) following takeoff and preceding the cruise. During the climb phase there is an increase in altitude to a predetermined level. [1] The opposite of a climb is a descent.
In aeronautics, a descent is any time period during air travel where an aircraft decreases altitude, and is the opposite of an ascent or climb.. Descents are part of normal procedures, but also occur during emergencies, such as rapid or explosive decompression, forcing an emergency descent to below 3,000 m (10,000 ft) and preferably below 2,400 m (8,000 ft), respectively the maximum temporary ...