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(Top) 1 List. 2 References. ... This is a list of the dates when African states were made colonies or protectorates of European powers and lost their independence. List
There were many kingdoms and empires in all regions of the continent of Africa throughout history. A kingdom is a state with a king or queen as its head. [1] An empire is a political unit made up of several territories, military outposts, and peoples, "usually created by conquest, and divided between a dominant centre and subordinate peripheries".
The Scramble for Africa: the White Man's Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912 (13th ed.). London: Abacus. ISBN 978-0-349-10449-2. Phillips, Anne. The enigma of colonialism : British policy in West Africa (1989) Online
The following is a list of European colonies in Africa, organized alphabetically by the colonizing country. France had the most colonies in Africa with 35 colonies followed by Britain with 32. [ 1 ]
European territories in Africa, 1914, following the Scramble for Africa. Satirical drawing: "The modern civilization of Europeː France in Morocco & England in Egypt", A.H. Zaki, 1908–1914. Africa was the target of the third wave of European colonialism, after that of the Americas and Asia. [54]
In World War I there were several campaigns in Africa, including the Togoland Campaign, the Kamerun campaign, the South West Africa campaign, and the East African campaign. In each, Allied forces, primarily British, but also French, Belgian, South African, and Portuguese, sought to force the Germans out of their African colonies.
Order of independence of African nations, 1950–2011. Imperialism ruled until after World War II when forces of African nationalism grew stronger. In the 1950s and 1960s the colonial holdings became independent states. The process was usually peaceful but there were several long bitter bloody civil wars, as in Algeria, [205] Kenya, [206] and ...
Before the Bantu expansion, Khoisan peoples were the first inhabitants of Southern Africa. Various Bantu peoples migrated and settled in the territory of the future South Africa (300 AD-500 AD) Kingdom of Mapungubwe (c.1075-c.1220) Dutch Cape Colony (1652–1806) (part of the Dutch Empire) Mthethwa Paramountcy (c.1780-1817) (independent state)