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Feline panleukopenia ("FPLV" a.k.a. Feline Distemper or Feline Parvo) virus has long been known to cause cerebellar hypoplasia in neonatal kittens through in utero or perinatal infection. [11] In utero, the virus can pass from the dam to the developing fetus and may then disrupt the development of its cerebellum by hindering cell division.
Cerebellar hypoplasia is characterized by reduced cerebellar volume, even though cerebellar shape is (near) normal. It consists of a heterogeneous group of disorders of cerebellar maldevelopment presenting as early-onset non–progressive congenital ataxia , hypotonia and motor learning disability .
Cerebellar hypoplasia is an incomplete development of the cerebellum. The most common cause in dogs is an in utero infection with canine herpesvirus. [56] It is also seen associated with lissencephaly in Wire-haired Fox Terriers and Irish Setters, and as a separate condition in Chow Chows. [58]
Cerebellar hypoplasia is distinctly different in that it is a condition from a lack of these cells being formed during the development of the cerebellum. CH has been found in several species, including cats, dogs, cows and sheep.
The gastrointestinal tract and lymphatic system can be affected at any age, leading to vomiting, diarrhea and immunosuppression but cerebellar hypoplasia is only seen in cats that were infected in the womb or at less than two weeks of age, and disease of the myocardium is seen in puppies infected between the ages of three and eight weeks. [17]
Mental retardation and microcephaly with pontine and cerebellar hypoplasia (MICPCH) – also known as mental retardation, X-linked, syndromic, Najm type (MRXSNA); X-linked intellectual deficit, Najm type; intellectual developmental disorder, X-linked, syndromic, Najm type; X-linked intellectual disability–microcephaly–pontocerebellar hypoplasia syndrome; and by variations of these terms ...
Patients typically present in early childhood with cerebellar hypoplasia, immunodeficiency, progressive bone marrow failure, and intrauterine growth restriction. [2] The primary cause of death in Hoyeraal–Hreidasson syndrome is bone marrow failure, but mortality from cancer and pulmonary fibrosis is also significant. [4] [5] [6]
Cerebellar hypoplasia (non-human) Cherry eye; Cheyletiella yasguri; Canine Chiari-like malformation; Chronic superficial keratitis; Coccidia; Canine cognitive dysfunction; Collie eye anomaly; Corneal dystrophies in dogs; Corneal ulcers in animals; Canine coronavirus; Cryptococcosis; Cushing's syndrome (veterinary)