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Envenomation is the process by which venom is injected by the bite or sting of a venomous animal. [ 1 ] Many kinds of animals, including mammals (e.g., the northern short-tailed shrew , Blarina brevicauda ), reptiles (e.g., the king cobra ), [ 2 ] spiders (e.g., black widows ), [ 3 ] insects (e.g., wasps ), and fish (e.g., stone fish ) employ ...
A spider envenomation occurs whenever a spider injects venom into the skin. Not all spider bites inject venom – a dry bite, and the amount of venom injected can vary based on the type of spider and the circumstances of the encounter. The mechanical injury from a spider bite is not a serious concern for humans.
There is a lot of evidence to support the venom metering hypothesis. For example, snakes frequently use more venom during defensive strikes, administer more venom to larger prey, and are capable of dry biting. A dry bite is a bite from a venomous snake that results in very little or no venom expulsion, leaving the target asymptomatic. [89]
Black widows make irregular or asymmetric webs, Medline Plus says, and the spiders can bite people when humans bump into their webs. The spiders also typically stay within a few feet of ground level.
A spider envenomation occurs whenever a spider injects venom into the skin. Not all spider bites involve injection of venom, and the amount of venom injected can vary based on the type of spider and the circumstances of the encounter. The mechanical injury from a spider bite is not a serious concern for humans.
When ants bite humans, it grabs the skin and also sprays a compound called formic acid, Frye explains. Ant bites tend to be small, swollen bumps that appear in clusters, Kassouf says.
One other genus in the family Macrothelidae has been reported to cause severe symptoms in humans. Severe bites have been attributed to members of the genus Macrothele in Taiwan, but no fatalities. [16] In other mammals, such as rodents, for example, the effects of funnel web spider venom are much less severe.
Less frequently, venomous spider bites are also associated with morbidity and mortality in humans. Most arthropod stings involve Hymenoptera (ants, wasps, and bees). While the majority of Hymenoptera stings are locally painful, their associated venom rarely cause toxic reactions unless victims receive many stings at once.