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The Toyota Production System (TPS) is an integrated socio-technical system, developed by Toyota, that comprises its management philosophy and practices. The TPS is a management system [ 1 ] that organizes manufacturing and logistics for the automobile manufacturer, including interaction with suppliers and customers.
The Toyota Way is a set of principles defining the organizational culture of Toyota Motor Corporation. [1] [2] The company formalized the Toyota Way in 2001, after decades of academic research into the Toyota Production System and its implications for lean manufacturing as a methodology that other organizations could adopt. [3]
Lean manufacturing is a method of manufacturing goods aimed primarily at reducing times within the production system as well as response times from suppliers and customers.It is closely related to another concept called just-in-time manufacturing (JIT manufacturing in short).
Ohno Taiichi (大野耐一, Ōno Taiichi, February 29, 1912 – May 28, 1990) was a Japanese industrial engineer and businessman. He is considered to be the father of the Toyota Production System, which inspired Lean Manufacturing in the U.S. [1] [2] He devised the seven wastes (or muda in Japanese) as part of this system.
Fixed repeating schedule is a key element of the Toyota Production System and lean manufacturing. [1] As its name suggests it is a production schedule which is 'unchanging' and repeated perhaps daily or over a longer period such as two weeks or month. [2]
To tackle this shortfall in knowledge and experience, Toyota conducted an incremental approach to development that built on their existing knowledge and became the basis of the lean systems Toyota uses today. [3] [4] Allen Ward studied Toyota’s lean product development system and found parallels with the US airplane industry.
Genchi genbutsu (現地現物) literally translates "real location, real thing” (meaning "the situation onsite") and it is a key principle of the Toyota Production System. The principle is sometimes referred to as "go and see."
Autonomation describes a feature of machine design to effect the principle of jidoka (自働化) （じどうか jidōka), used in the Toyota Production System (TPS) and lean manufacturing. It may be described as "intelligent automation" or "automation with a human touch". [1]