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  2. Character encodings in HTML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encodings_in_HTML

    As of HTML5 the recommended charset is UTF-8. [3] An "encoding sniffing algorithm" is defined in the specification to determine the character encoding of the document based on multiple sources of input, including: Explicit user instruction; An explicit meta tag within the first 1024 bytes of the document

  3. UTF-8 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8

    UTF-8 was first officially presented at the USENIX conference in San Diego, from January 25 to 29, 1993. [11] The Internet Engineering Task Force adopted UTF-8 in its Policy on Character Sets and Languages in RFC 2277 (BCP 18) for future internet standards work in January 1998, replacing Single Byte Character Sets such as Latin-1 in older RFCs ...

  4. Meta element - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meta_element

    The meta element has two uses: either to emulate the use of an HTTP response header field, or to embed additional metadata within the HTML document. With HTML up to and including HTML 4.01 and XHTML, there were four valid attributes: content, http-equiv, name and scheme. Under HTML 5, charset has been added and scheme has been removed.

  5. Unicode and HTML - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unicode_and_HTML

    For UTF-8, the BOM is optional, while it is a must for the UTF-16 and the UTF-32 encodings. (Note: UTF-16 and UTF-32 without the BOM are formally known under different names, they are different encodings, and thus needs some form of encoding declaration – see UTF-16BE, UTF-16LE, UTF-32LE and UTF-32BE.) The use of the BOM character (U+FEFF ...

  6. Character encoding - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Character_encoding

    Punched tape with the word "Wikipedia" encoded in ASCII.Presence and absence of a hole represents 1 and 0, respectively; for example, W is encoded as 1010111.. Character encoding is the process of assigning numbers to graphical characters, especially the written characters of human language, allowing them to be stored, transmitted, and transformed using computers. [1]

  7. Markup language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_language

    XML remains a meta-language like SGML, allowing users to create any tags needed (hence "extensible") and then describing those tags and their permitted uses. XML adoption was helped because every XML document can be written in such a way that it is also an SGML document, and existing SGML users and software could switch to XML fairly easily.

  8. Comparison of Unicode encodings - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_Unicode...

    This article includes a list of general references, but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (July 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this message) This article compares Unicode encodings in two types of environments: 8-bit clean environments, and environments that forbid the use of byte values with the ...

  9. Media type - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Media_type

    In this example, text is the type, html is the subtype, and charset=UTF-8 is an optional parameter indicating the character encoding. Types, subtypes, and parameter names are case-insensitive. Parameter values are usually case-sensitive, but may be interpreted in a case-insensitive fashion depending on the intended use.