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The first total repair of tetralogy of Fallot was done by a team led by C. Walton Lillehei at the University of Minnesota in 1954 on an 11-year-old boy. [85] Total repair on infants has had success from 1981, with research indicating that it has a comparatively low mortality rate. [ 72 ]
The Blalock–Thomas–Taussig shunt (BTT shunt), [1] previously known as the Blalock–Taussig Shunt (BT shunt), [2] is a surgical procedure used to increase blood flow to the lungs in some forms of congenital heart disease [3] such as pulmonary atresia and tetralogy of Fallot, which are common causes of blue baby syndrome. [3]
These surgeries typically require repeat surgeries to repair issues including pulmonary regurgitation, valve narrowing, kinking of the conduit, or calcification, leading to significant morbidity. [4] The first TPVR was performed in 2000. [4] [7] This device was further developed into the Melody transcatheter pulmonary valve by Medtronic.
A diagnosis of TOF is usually made with echocardiography, which can even be done prenatally. Most patients with tetralogy of Fallot will have cardiac repair surgery in the first year of life, where the ventricular septal defect is closed with a patch, and the right ventricular outflow tract is enlarged.
Trilogy of Fallot is a combination of three congenital heart defects: pulmonary stenosis, right ventricular hypertrophy, and an atrial septal defect. [1]The first two of these are also found in the more common tetralogy of Fallot.
The most typical form of APVS is a tetralogy of Fallot variant, [4] however, case studies have linked APVS to several different congenital cardiac syndromes, such as agenesis of ductus arteriosus, [5] persistent ductus arteriosus, [6] atrioventricular septal defect, [7] pulmonary branching abnormalities, [8] [9] transposition of the great arteries, [10] and type B interrupted aortic arch. [11]
The most common heart defects seen with VACTERL association are ventricular septal defect (VSD), atrial septal defects and tetralogy of Fallot. Less common defects are truncus arteriosus and transposition of the great arteries. It is subsequently thought that cardiac defects should be considered an extension of VACTERL. [4]
The LeCompte maneuver is a technique used in open heart surgery, primarily on infants and children.The maneuver entails cutting the main pulmonary artery and moving it anterior to the aorta before reattaching the pulmonary artery during the following reconstruction of the great vessels.