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[3]: 176 Large aircraft approaching to land normally use a 3 degree approach path. [4] This is equivalent to 3.14 nautical miles per 1000 ft of descent. If exactly 3 nmi are allowed per 1000 ft of descent, the glide path will be 3.14 degrees.
Emission patterns of the localizer and glide slope signals Glide slope station for runway 09R at Hannover Airport in Germany. In aviation, instrument landing system glide path, commonly referred to as a glide path (G/P) or glide slope (G/S), is "a system of vertical guidance embodied in the instrument landing system which indicates the vertical deviation of the aircraft from its optimum path ...
The pilot controls the aircraft so that the glide slope indicator remains centered on the display to ensure the aircraft is following the glide path of approximately 3° above horizontal (ground level) to remain above obstructions and reach the runway at the proper touchdown point (i.e. it provides vertical guidance).
A useful formula pilots use to calculate descent rates (for the standard 3° glide slope): Rate of descent = (ground speed ⁄ 2) × 10. or Rate of descent = ground speed × 5. For other glideslope angles: Rate of descent = glide slope angle × ground speed × 100 / 60, where rate of descent is in feet per minute, and ground speed is in knots.
A composite image of an Alliance Airlines Fokker 70 on final approach at Christmas Island Airport, illustrating the approach slope to the runway. The term glide slope is sometimes used to mean approach slope, although in precise usage the glide slope is the vertical guidance element of the instrument landing system. [2]
Datum lights – a horizontal row of green lamps used to give the pilot a reference against which he may judge his position relative to the glide slope. Ball (or "meatball"; also known as "the source") – indicates the relative position of the aircraft with reference to glide slope. If the aircraft is high, the ball will be above the datum ...
The woman accused of stabbing a postal worker to death over a spot in line at a Harlem deli has a long history of knife violence — and once threatened “to cut” one of her previous victims.
A 90° approach calls for the throttle to be closed when the aircraft is angled 45° from centerline. [3] On Base leg, the airspeed needs to be lowered to the manufacturer's recommended glide speed. In order to stretch the gliding distance, pilots will often pitch up momentarily to attain best glide speed, also known as Vg. Once this speed is ...