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An adaptive enzyme or inducible enzyme is an enzyme that is expressed only under conditions in which it is clearly of adaptive value, as opposed to a constitutive enzyme which is produced all the time. [1] [2] The inducible enzyme is used for the breaking-down of things in the cell.
An inducible gene is a gene whose expression is either responsive to environmental change or dependent on the position in the cell cycle. Any step of gene expression may be modulated, from the DNA-RNA transcription step to post-translational modification of a protein.
In ecology, a constitutive defense is one that is always active, as opposed to an inducible defense; Constitutive theory of statehood; In biochemistry and pharmacology, a constitutively active receptor produces a biological response in the absence of a bound ligand; In genetics, a constitutive gene is always expressed – see constitutive ...
An advantage of inducible, as opposed to constitutive defenses, is that they are only produced when needed, and are therefore potentially less costly, especially when herbivory is variable. [22] Modes of induced defence include systemic acquired resistance [23] and plant-induced systemic resistance. [24]
These differ in that constitutive defenses are present before an herbivore attacks, while induced defenses are activated only when attacks occur. [2] [3] [4] In addition to constitutive defenses, initiation of specific defense responses to herbivory is an important strategy for plant persistence and survival. [1]
Inducible systems - An inducible system is off unless there is the presence of some molecule (called an inducer) that allows for gene expression. The molecule is said to "induce expression". The manner by which this happens is dependent on the control mechanisms as well as differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
1 Constitutive vs. Induced Defense. 2 comments. 2 footnotes references. 1 comment. 3 indirect defence. 2 comments. 4 GA on hold failed. 1 comment. 5 Article title. 6 ...
The promoters used in expression vector are normally inducible, meaning that protein synthesis is only initiated when required by the introduction of an inducer such as IPTG. Gene expression however may also be constitutive (i.e. protein is constantly expressed) in some expression vectors.