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In version control, merging (also called integration) is a fundamental operation that reconciles multiple changes made to a version-controlled collection of files. Most often, it is necessary when a file is modified on two independent branches and subsequently merged. The result is a single collection of files that contains both sets of changes.
Merge tracking: describes whether a system remembers what changes have been merged between which branches and only merges the changes that are missing when merging one branch into another. End of line conversions : describes whether a system can adapt the end of line characters for text files such that they match the end of line style for the ...
The command to create a local repo, git init, creates a branch named master. [61] [111] Often it is used as the integration branch for merging changes into. [112] Since the default upstream remote is named origin, [113] the default remote branch is origin/master. Some tools such as GitHub and GitLab create a default branch named main instead.
git reset --hard makes the current branch point to some specific revision or branch, and replaces the current working files with the files from that branch. git merge merges files from a given branch into the current branch. git push uploads changes from local branches to the respective remote repositories. git add puts current working files ...
The users of the version control system can branch any branch. Branches are also known as trees, streams or codelines. The originating branch is sometimes called the parent branch, the upstream branch (or simply upstream, especially if the branches are maintained by different organizations or individuals), or the backing stream.
[1] [2] [3] Git, the world's most popular version control system, [4] is a distributed version control system. In 2010, software development author Joel Spolsky described distributed version control systems as "possibly the biggest advance in software development technology in the [past] ten years".
If multiple people are working on a single data set or document, they are implicitly creating branches of the data (in their working copies), and thus issues of merging arise, as discussed below. For simple collaborative document editing, this can be prevented by using file locking or simply avoiding working on the same document that someone ...
A gated commit, gated check-in [1] or pre-tested commit [2] is a software integration pattern that reduces the chances for breaking a build (and often its associated tests) by committing changes into the main branch of version control. This pattern can be supported by a continuous integration (CI) server. [3]