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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), previously known as pseudotumor cerebri and benign intracranial hypertension, is a condition characterized by increased intracranial pressure (pressure around the brain) without a detectable cause. [2] The main symptoms are headache, vision problems, ringing in the ears, and shoulder pain.
Intracranial hypertension (IH), also called increased ICP (IICP) or raised intracranial pressure (RICP), refers to elevated pressure in the cranium. 20–25 mmHg is the upper limit of normal at which treatment is necessary, though it is common to use 15 mmHg as the threshold for beginning treatment.
Eye provides another possible window into the pressure changes in the intracranial compartment thanks to the fact that the space between the optic nerve and its sheath is a continuation of the subarachnoid space, and is consequently filled with cerebrospinal fluid whose pressure is equal to intracranial pressure. Intracranial hypertension will ...
The monitoring of intracranial pressure (ICP) is used in the treatment of a number of neurological conditions ranging from severe traumatic brain injury to stroke and brain bleeds. [1] This process is called intracranial pressure monitoring. Monitoring is important as persistent increases in ICP is associated with worse prognosis in brain ...
CSF opening pressure ≤ 25 cm H 2 O (if measured) Class 2 Repeat OCT, cycloplegic refraction, fundus examination and threshold visual field every 4 to 6 weeks × 6 months, repeat MRI in 6 months ≥ 0.50 diopter cycloplegic refractive changes or cotton-wool spot; Choroidal folds and/or ONS distention and/or globe flattening and/or scotoma
Serial lumbar punctures may be useful in temporary treatment of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). This disease is characterized by increased pressure of CSF which may cause headache and permanent loss of vision. While mainstays of treatment are medication, in some cases lumbar puncture performed multiple times may improve symptoms.
If intracranial pressure superior to the cerebellar tentorium is increased, it may force part of the temporal lobe through this notch. This is referred to as a tentorial brain herniation . The consequences are unconsciousness, widening of the pupil of the affected side, and hemiparesis on the opposite side.
Raised intracranial pressure [1] as a result of one or more of the following: Brain tumor, idiopathic intracranial hypertension (also known as Pseudotumor Cerebri), cerebral venous sinus thrombosis or intracerebral hemorrhage; Respiratory failure [4] Isotretinoin, which is a powerful derivative of vitamin A, rarely causes papilledema.