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A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" [1] on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. [2] The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. [3]
Conscientious objection must be "sincere and meaningful" and occupy "a place in the life of its possessor parallel to that filled by an orthodox belief in God". [4] Any mixture of sincere religious, moral, or ethical beliefs can qualify as conscientious objection. [5]
United States v. Seeger, 380 U.S. 163 (1965), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court ruled that the exemption from the military draft for conscientious objectors could be reserved not only for those professing conformity with the moral directives of a supreme being but also for those whose views on war derived from a "sincere and meaningful belief which occupies in the life of its ...
Civilian Public Service firefighting crew at Snowline Camp near Camino, California, 1945. The Civilian Public Service (CPS) was a program of the United States government that provided conscientious objectors with an alternative to military service during World War II.
Sicurella v. United States, 348 U.S. 385 (1955), was a case in which the Supreme Court of the United States held that willingness to fight in "theocratic" wars does not disqualify a Jehovah's Witness who would otherwise be eligible for exemption as a conscientious objector.
The Air Force said it has acted on 36 conscientious objector applications since the beginning of 2021. ... Death toll climbs to 24 and thousands of structures destroyed in California wildfires ...
It is much more controversial than blanket conscientious objection based on consistent pacifism. [1] Views on selective conscientious objection range from being morally impermissible, morally permissible, a right that may be exercised, or morally obligatory in the case of military personnel asked to fight an illegal war of aggression. [2]
It is illegal to sell, transport, or use fireworks without the “safe and sane” seal. In California, illegal fireworks include: Sky rockets. Bottle rockets. Roman candles. Aerial shells ...