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γ 0 is the heat capacity ratio ( 5 / 3 for monatomic gases such as argon); T is the temperature, T TPW = 273.16 K by the definition of the kelvin at that time; A r (Ar) is the relative atomic mass of argon and M u = 10 −3 kg⋅mol −1 as defined at the time.
= 2.869 204 480 9344 × 10 3 W: BTU (International Table) per hour: BTU IT /h ≡ 1 BTU IT /h ≈ 0.293 071 W: BTU (International Table) per minute: BTU IT /min ≡ 1 BTU IT /min ≈ 17.584 264 W: BTU (International Table) per second: BTU IT /s ≡ 1 BTU IT /s = 1.055 055 852 62 × 10 3 W: calorie (International Table) per second: cal IT /s ≡ ...
For gases, departure from 3 R per mole of atoms is generally due to two factors: (1) failure of the higher quantum-energy-spaced vibration modes in gas molecules to be excited at room temperature, and (2) loss of potential energy degree of freedom for small gas molecules, simply because most of their atoms are not bonded maximally in space to ...
The Btu should not be confused with the Board of Trade Unit (BTU), an obsolete UK synonym for kilowatt hour (1 kW⋅h or 3,412 Btu). The Btu is often used to express the conversion-efficiency of heat into electrical energy in power plants. Figures are quoted in terms of the quantity of heat in Btu required to generate 1 kW⋅h of electrical ...
Yet other definitions are in use for industrial gas, [5] where, in the US, a standard cubic foot for industrial gas use is defined at 70 °F (21.1 °C) and 14.696 psia (101.325 kPa), while in Canada, a standard cubic meter for industrial gas use is defined at 15 °C (59 °F) and 101.325 kPa (14.696 psia).
This volume of CNG at 2,400 psi has the same energy content as one US gallon of gasoline (based on lower heating values: 148,144 BTU/cu ft (1,533.25 kWh/m 3) of CNG and 114,000 BTU/US gal (8.8 kWh/L) of gasoline. [22] Using Boyle's law, the equivalent GGE at 3,600 psi (25 MPa) is 0.51 cubic feet (14 litres; 3.8 US gallons).
In the United States, U-value is expressed as British thermal units (Btu) per hour-square feet-degrees Fahrenheit: Btu/(h⋅ft 2 ⋅°F) Within this article, U-values are expressed in SI unless otherwise noted. To convert from SI to US customary values, divide by 5.678. [1]
When positive pressure is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it is compressed. When a vacuum is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it expands. The volume of gas after it is pressurized or rarefied is referred to as its "actual" volume. SCF and ACF for an ideal gas are related in accordance with the combined gas law: [2] [3]