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Catchment zone in Nattai, Australia containing drinking water. Catchment hydrology is the study of hydrology in drainage basins. Catchments are areas of land where runoff collects to a specific zone. This movement is caused by water moving from areas of high energy to low energy due to the influence of gravity.
Watershed delineation is the process of identifying the boundary of a watershed, also referred to as a catchment, drainage basin, or river basin.It is an important step in many areas of environmental science, engineering, and management, for example to study flooding, aquatic habitat, or water pollution.
Major continental divides, showing drainage into the major oceans and seas of the world--Drainage basins of the principal oceans and seas of the world.Grey areas are endorheic basins that do not drain to the ocean.
Other terms for a drainage basin are catchment area, catchment basin, drainage area, river basin, water basin, [3] [4] and impluvium. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] [ 7 ] In North America, they are commonly called a watershed , though in other English-speaking places, " watershed " is used only in its original sense, that of the drainage divide line.
A map of watersheds separated by the principal hydrological divides of North America. Watersheds of North America are large drainage basins which drain to separate oceans, seas, gulfs, or endorheic basins.
The dataset primarily maps features a 1:24,000-scale, but in certain areas provides detail at 1:5,000-scale. A version of the NHD called the NHDPlus is integrated with elevation and other landscape data to create detailed drainage catchments and flow volume and velocity estimates for streams and rivers of the U.S. at 1:100,000-scale.
This map of United States water resource subregion hydrologic units updated boundaries to include the ocean as well as the portions of the basins that cross international borders For the use of hydrologists, ecologists, and water-resource managers in the study of surface water flows in the United States, the United States Geological Survey ...
USGS map of Schuylkill-Lehigh River drainage divides A minor drainage divide south of Buckeye, Arizona. Both branches flow to the Gila River. Drainage divides can be divided into three types: [5] Continental divides in which waters on each side flow to different oceans, such as the Continental Divide of the Americas and the Congo-Nile Divide. [6]