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It is known that thymol, a compound produced by thyme, naturally occurring in thyme honey, is a treatment for Varroa, though it may cause bee mortality at high concentrations. [2] Provisioning active colonies with crops of thyme may provide the colony with a non-interventional chemical defense against Varroa .
Nosema apis is a microsporidian, a small, unicellular parasite recently reclassified as a fungus that mainly affects honey bees.It causes nosemosis, also called nosema, which is the most common and widespread of adult honey bee diseases. [1]
Nosema ceranae is a microsporidian, a small, unicellular parasite that mainly affects Apis cerana, the Asiatic honey bee. Along with Nosema apis, it causes the disease nosemosis, the most widespread of the diseases of adult honey bees. N. ceranae can remain dormant as a long-lived spore which is resistant to temperature extremes and dehydration.
American foulbrood (AFB, Histolysis infectiosa perniciosa larvae apium, Pestis americana larvae apium), caused by the spore-forming bacterium Paenibacillus larvae, [a] is a highly infectious honey bee brood disease. It is the most widespread and destructive of the honey bee brood diseases. It is globally distributed and burning of infected ...
Varroa destructor, the Varroa mite, is an external parasitic mite that attacks and feeds on honey bees and is one of the most damaging honey bee pests in the world. [2] [3] A significant mite infestation leads to the death of a honey bee colony, usually in the late autumn through early spring.
Feeding the hive with honey should be avoided as it can amplify the risk of infection spreading as well as attracting potential robber bees, which can carry diseases to the hive. [1] Clean water should be provided at all times. [1] There is no viable treatment against M. mellificae. Weak populations have a chance of self-recovery.
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Honey bees at a hive entrance: one is about to land and another is fanning. Colony collapse disorder (CCD) is an abnormal phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a honey bee colony disappear, leaving behind a queen, plenty of food, and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees. [1]