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  2. Byzantine flags and insignia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_flags_and_insignia

    Byzantine flags and insignia. For most of its history, the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire did not use heraldry in the Western European sense of permanent motifs transmitted through hereditary right. [1] Various large aristocratic families employed certain symbols to identify themselves; [1] the use of the cross, and of icons of Christ, the ...

  3. Byzantine Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byzantine_Empire

    Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. The eastern half of the Empire survived the conditions that caused the fall of the West in the 5th century AD, and continued to exist until the fall ...

  4. Flag of Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_Spain

    The national flag of Spain (Spanish: Bandera de España) [ a], as it is defined in the Constitution of 1978, consists of three horizontal stripes: red, yellow and red, the yellow stripe being twice the height of each red stripe. Traditionally, the middle stripe was defined by the more archaic term of gualda, and hence the popular name la ...

  5. History of Spain - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Spain

    The history of Spain dates to contact between the pre-Roman peoples of the Mediterranean coast of the Iberian Peninsula made with the Greeks and Phoenicians. During Classical Antiquity, the peninsula was the site of multiple successive colonizations of Greeks, Carthaginians, and Romans. Native peoples of the peninsula, such as the Tartessos ...

  6. Visigothic Kingdom - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visigothic_Kingdom

    He attacked the Byzantines, but he was unable to dislodge them from southern Spain, and was obliged to formally acknowledge the suzerainty of the Empire. Visigothic Hispania and the Byzantine province of Spania, circa 560 AD. The next Visigothic king was Liuvigild (569 – April 21, 586). He was an effective military leader and consolidated ...

  7. History of the Byzantine Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../History_of_the_Byzantine_Empire

    The Byzantine Empire's history is generally periodised from late antiquity until the Fall of Constantinople in 1453 AD. From the 3rd to 6th centuries, the Greek East and Latin West of the Roman Empire gradually diverged, marked by Diocletian's (r. 284–305) formal partition of its administration in 285, [1] the establishment of an eastern capital in Constantinople by Constantine I in 330, [n ...

  8. Andalusia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andalusia

    Andalusia ( UK: / ˌændəˈluːsiə, - ziə /, US: /- ʒ ( i) ə, - ʃ ( i) ə /; [ 5 ][ 6 ][ 7 ] Spanish: Andalucía [andaluˈθi.a] ⓘ) is the southernmost autonomous community in Peninsular Spain. Andalusia is located in the south of the Iberian Peninsula, in southwestern Europe. It is the most populous and the second-largest autonomous ...

  9. Spania - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spania

    Spania ( Latin: Provincia Spaniae) was a province of the Eastern Roman Empire from 552 until 624 [ 1] in the south of the Iberian Peninsula and the Balearic Islands. It was established by the Emperor Justinian I in an effort to restore the western provinces of the Empire .