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Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve ), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscle to abduct (i.e., turn out) the eye. [ 1] The inability of an eye to turn outward, results in a convergent strabismus or esotropia of which the ...
Usually permanent blindness in affected eye. Deaths. 0. Phthisis bulbi is a shrunken, [ 1] non-functional eye. It may result from severe eye disease, inflammation [ 2] or injury, or it may represent a complication of eye surgery. [ 3] Treatment options include insertion of a prosthesis, which may be preceded by enucleation of the eye. [ 4][ 5]
Ptosis of the left eyelid (unilateral ptosis). A headshot daguerreotype of an unidentified male, by William Bell in 1852. Ptosis, also known as blepharoptosis, [ 1] is a drooping or falling of the upper eyelid. This condition is sometimes called "lazy eye", but that term normally refers to the condition amblyopia.
Specialty. Ophthalmology. Internuclear ophthalmoplegia ( INO) is a disorder of conjugate lateral gaze in which the affected eye shows impairment of adduction. When an attempt is made to gaze contralaterally (relative to the affected eye), the affected eye adducts minimally, if at all. The contralateral eye abducts, however with nystagmus.
Ophthalmology. Recurrent corneal erosion is a disorder of the eyes characterized by the failure of the cornea 's outermost layer of epithelial cells to attach to the underlying basement membrane ( Bowman's layer ). The condition is excruciatingly painful because the loss of these cells results in the exposure of sensitive corneal nerves.
A posterior vitreous detachment ( PVD) is a condition of the eye in which the vitreous membrane separates from the retina. [ 1] It refers to the separation of the posterior hyaloid membrane from the retina anywhere posterior to the vitreous base (a 3–4 mm wide attachment to the ora serrata ). The condition is common for older adults; over 75% ...
A lesion, which is an abnormality in tissue due to injury or disease, can disrupt the transmission of signals from the brain to the eye. Almost all conjugate gaze palsies originate from a lesion somewhere in the brain stem, usually the midbrain, or pons.
Occipital neuralgia. Occipital neuralgia (ON) is a painful condition affecting the posterior head in the distributions of the greater occipital nerve (GON), lesser occipital nerve (LON), third occipital nerve (TON), or a combination of the three. It is paroxysmal, lasting from seconds to minutes, and often consists of lancinating pain that ...