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In 2007, Burmese was spoken by 33 million people as a first language. [5] Burmese is spoken as a second language by another 10 million people, particularly ethnic minorities in Burma and those in neighbouring countries. [6] Burmese is a Sino-Tibetan language belonging to the Southern Burmish branch of the Tibeto-Burman languages.
The Constitution of Myanmar officially refers to it as the Myanmar language in English, [3] though most English speakers continue to refer to the language as Burmese, after Burma—a name with co-official status until 1989 (see Names of Myanmar). Burmese is the most widely-spoken language in the country, where it serves as the lingua franca. [4]
Ramree (Burmese: ရမ်းဗြဲဘာသာစကား, Burmese pronunciation: [jáɰ̃bjɛ́ bàðà zəɡá], also spelt Yanbye or Ranbre) is the main dialect of the Rakhine language spoken in southern Rakhine State of Burma (Myanmar), especially in the areas surrounding Ramree Island, the Awagyun Island and southern coastal regions in Bangladesh.
1 Spoken Western Pwo language for one may be က /kə/. 2 In some dialect, when quantifiers or other numbers are preceded, နံၫ is pronounced as /ní/, ၥၧၫ့ as /θə́ɴ/, ဎူၫ as /xú/ and ခွံၫ as /kʰwí/. 3 In some dialect, နွ့ၫ is pronounced as /nwì/.
Tavoyan or Dawei (ထားဝယ်စကား) is a divergent dialect of Burmese is spoken in Dawei (Tavoy), in the coastal Tanintharyi Region of southern Myanmar (Burma). ). Tavoyan speakers tend to self-identify as Bamar, and are classified by the Burmese government as a subgroup of the B
Considered to be dialects of Burmese by the Government of Myanmar, Danu has 93% lexical similarity with standard Burmese, while Intha has 95% lexical similarity with standard Burmese. [2] Intha and Danu differ from standard Burmese with respect to pronunciation of certain phonemes, and few hundred local vocabulary terms. [3]
The Yaw dialect of Burmese is spoken by 200,000 people near the Chin Hills in Magway Division, particularly in Gangaw District, which comprises Saw, Htilin, and Gangaw.Yaw was classified as a "definitely endangered" language in UNESCO's 2010 Atlas of the World’s Languages in Danger.
Burmese is a tonal language, which means phonemic contrasts can be made on the basis of the tone of a vowel. In Burmese, these contrasts involve not only pitch, but also phonation, intensity (loudness), duration, and vowel quality. However, some linguists consider Burmese a pitch-register language like Shanghainese. [21]