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where b is the number base (10 for decimal), and p is a prime that does not divide b. (Primes p that give cyclic numbers in base b are called full reptend primes or long primes in base b). For example, the case b = 10, p = 7 gives the cyclic number 142857, and the case b = 12, p = 5 gives the cyclic number 2497.
A cyclic number [1] [2] is a natural number n such that n and φ(n) are coprime. Here φ is Euler's totient function. An equivalent definition is that a number n is cyclic if and only if any group of order n is cyclic. [3] Any prime number is clearly cyclic. All cyclic numbers are square-free. [4] Let n = p 1 p 2 …
Therefore, the base b expansion of / repeats the digits of the corresponding cyclic number infinitely, as does that of / with rotation of the digits for any a between 1 and p − 1. The cyclic number corresponding to prime p will possess p − 1 digits if and only if p is a full reptend prime.
A number n is called a cyclic number if Z/nZ is the only group of order n, which is true exactly when gcd(n, φ(n)) = 1. [13] The sequence of cyclic numbers include all primes, but some are composite such as 15. However, all cyclic numbers are odd except 2. The cyclic numbers are:
G has 2 fixed points, 1 2-cycle and 3 4-cycles B has 4 fixed points and 6 2-cycles GB has 2 fixed points and 2 7-cycles P * (1,2,3,4) T = (4,1,3,2) T Permutation of four elements with 1 fixed point and 1 3-cycle. In mathematics, the cycles of a permutation π of a finite set S correspond bijectively to the orbits of the subgroup generated by π ...
Cyclic number, a number such that cyclic permutations of the digits are successive multiples of the number; Cyclic order, a ternary relation defining a way to arrange a set of objects in a circle; Cyclic permutation, a permutation with one nontrivial orbit; Cyclic polygon, a polygon which can be given a circumscribed circle; Cyclic shift, also ...
On the other hand, the permutation (1 3)(2 4) that sends 1 to 3, 3 to 1, 2 to 4 and 4 to 2 is not a cyclic permutation because it separately permutes the pairs {1, 3} and {2, 4}. For the wider definition of a cyclic permutation, allowing fixed points, these fixed points each constitute trivial orbits of the permutation, and there is a single ...
A full reptend prime, full repetend prime, proper prime [7]: 166 or long prime in base b is an odd prime number p such that the Fermat quotient = (where p does not divide b) gives a cyclic number with p − 1 digits.