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Volvulus occurs most frequently in middle-aged and elderly men. [11] Volvulus can also arise as a rare complication in persons with redundant colon, a normal anatomic variation resulting in extra colonic loops. [12] Sigmoid volvulus is the most-common form of volvulus of the gastrointestinal tract.
A bowel resection or enterectomy (enter-+ -ectomy) is a surgical procedure in which a part of an intestine (bowel) is removed, from either the small intestine or large intestine. Often the word enterectomy is reserved for the sense of small bowel resection, in distinction from colectomy , which covers the sense of large bowel resection.
Dolichocolon is an abnormally long large intestine. [1] It should not be confused with an abnormally wide large intestine, which is called a megacolon. [citation needed] Dolichocolon may predispose to abnormal rotation (see volvulus) and interposition between the diaphragm and the liver (see Chilaiditi syndrome).
All surgery involves a risk of serious complications, including bleeding, infection, damage to surrounding structures, and death. Additional complications associated with colectomy include: Damage to adjacent structures such as ureter, bowel, spleen, etc.; Need for further operations; Conversion of primary anastomosis to colostomy;
Open surgery may also be used to remove or bypass the obstruction and may be required to remove any intestines that may have died. [2] If not rapidly treated outcomes are often poor. [1] Among those affected even with treatment the risk of death is 70% to 90%. [3] In those with chronic disease bypass surgery is the treatment of choice. [1]
Ischemic colitis (also spelled ischaemic colitis) is a medical condition in which inflammation and injury of the large intestine result from inadequate blood supply . Although uncommon in the general population, ischemic colitis occurs with greater frequency in the elderly, and is the most common form of bowel ischemia.
Ogilvie syndrome, or acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is the acute dilatation of the colon in the absence of any mechanical obstruction in severely ill patients. [1]Acute colonic pseudo-obstruction is characterized by massive dilatation of the cecum (diameter > 10 cm) and right colon on abdominal X-ray.
Bleeding and puncture of the colon are possible complications of sigmoidoscopy. However, such complications are uncommon. Flexible sigmoidoscopy takes 10 to 20 minutes. During the procedure, the patient might feel pressure and slight cramping in the lower abdomen, but the patient will feel better afterward when the air leaves the colon.