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From a postcolonial perspective, however, such theoretical debates revealed the irrelevance of first-world feminists, with their phallocentric preoccupations, to the ordinary life of the subaltern woman in the Third World; [15] and third-wave feminism, with its concern for the marginalized, the particular, and for intersectionality, has also broadly seen the theoreticism and essentialism of ...
Patriarchy is a social system in which positions of authority are primarily held by men. The term patriarchy is used both in anthropology to describe a family or clan controlled by the father or eldest male or group of males, and in feminist theory to describe a broader social structure in which men as a group dominate society. [1] [2] [3]
The term was coined by Turkish author and researcher Deniz Kandiyoti in her 1988 article, "Bargaining with Patriarchy", which appeared in the September issue of Gender & Society. [ 1 ] Sociologist Lisa Wade states that patriarchal bargain is "an individual strategy designed to manipulate the system to one’s best advantage, but one that leaves ...
The term feminist psychology was originally coined by Karen Horney. In her book, Feminine Psychology, which is a collection of articles Horney wrote on the subject from 1922–1937, she addresses previously held beliefs about women, relationships, and the effect of society on female psychology.
"The Covenant" argues that this symbolic devaluation of women in relation to the divine becomes one of the metaphors that founds Western society, along with the assumption that women are incomplete and damaged human beings of a different and lower order than men, as described by Aristotle. "Symbols" "The Creation of Patriarchy"
Gynocentrism is a dominant or exclusive focus on women in theory or practice. [1] Anything can be gynocentric when it is considered exclusively with a female or feminist point of view in mind. [ 2 ] The opposite practice, placing the masculine point of view at the centre, is androcentrism .
Feminism in psychology emerged as a critique of the dominant male outlook on psychological research where only male perspectives were studied with all male subjects. As women earned doctorates in psychology, women and their issues were introduced as legitimate topics of study.
Lenore E. Walker interviewed 1,500 women who had been subject to domestic violence and found that there was a similar pattern of abuse, called the "cycle of abuse". [1] Initially, Walker proposed that the cycle of abuse described the controlling patriarchal behavior of men who felt entitled to abuse their wives to maintain control over them.