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Concentrated solar technology systems use mirrors or lenses with tracking systems to focus a large area of sunlight onto a small area. The concentrated light is then used as heat or as a heat source for a conventional power plant (solar thermoelectricity).
In 2022, researchers at Fraunhofer Institute for Solar Energy Systems ISE in Freiburg, Germany, demonstrated a four-junction concentrator solar cell with an efficiency of 47.6% under 665-fold sunlight concentration. [31] [32] The theoretical limiting efficiency under concentration approaches 65% for 5 junctions, which is a likely practical ...
Solar thermal systems have been constructed to produce concentrated solar power (CSP), for generating electricity. [8] [9] The large Sandia Lab solar power tower uses a Stirling engine heated by a solar mirror concentrator. [10] Another configuration is the trough system. [11]
The Ivanpah Solar Electric Generating System is a concentrated solar thermal plant in the Mojave Desert. It is located at the base of Clark Mountain in California, across the state line from Primm, Nevada. The plant has a gross capacity of 392 megawatts (MW). [8]
In March 2009, the German company Novatec Biosol constructed a Fresnel solar power plant known as PE 1. The solar thermal power plant uses a standard linear Fresnel optical design (not CLFR) and has an electrical capacity of 1.4 MW. PE 1 comprises a solar boiler with mirror surface of approximately 18,000 m 2 (1.8 ha; 4.4 acres). [12]
Reflective mirror concentrator units. This device uses multiple mirrors in a horizontal plane to reflect sunlight upward to a high-temperature system requiring concentrated solar power. Structural problems and expense are greatly reduced since the mirrors are not significantly exposed to wind loads.
Parabolic trough at a plant near Harper Lake, California. A parabolic trough collector (PTC) is a type of solar thermal collector that is straight in one dimension and curved as a parabola in the other two, lined with a polished metal mirror.
The PS10 Solar Power Plant (Spanish: Planta Solar 10), is the world's first commercial concentrating solar power tower operating near Seville, in Andalusia, Spain.The 11 megawatt (MW) solar power tower produces electricity with 624 large movable mirrors called heliostats. [2]