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2. Gemstone - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemstone

   A gemstone (also called a fine gem, jewel, precious stone, semiprecious stone, or simply gem) is a piece of mineral crystal which, when cut or polished, is used to make jewelry or other adornments.

3. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

   This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals There ... Eilat stone; Epidosite; Glimmerite; Goldstone (glittering glass) Tiger's eye;

4. Carnelian - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carnelian

   Carnelian (also spelled cornelian) [3] is a brownish-red mineral commonly used as a semiprecious stone.Similar to carnelian is sard, which is generally harder and darker; the difference is not rigidly defined, and the two names are often used interchangeably.

5. List of U.S. state minerals, rocks, stones and gemstones

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_U.S._state...

   In 1986, California named benitoite as its state gemstone, a form of the mineral barium titanium silicate that is unique to the Golden State and only found in gem quality in San Benito County. [ 80 ] ^ Colorado is the only state whose geological symbols reflect the national flag's colors: red (rhodochrosite), white (yule marble), and blue ...

6. Lapis lazuli - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_Lazuli

   Lapis lazuli (UK: / ˌ l æ p ɪ s ˈ l æ z (j) ʊ l i, ˈ l æ ʒ ʊ-,-ˌ l i /; US: / ˈ l æ z (j) ə l i, ˈ l æ ʒ ə-,-ˌ l i /), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.

7. Quartz - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quartz

   While jade has been since earliest times the most prized semi-precious stone for carving in East Asia and Pre-Columbian America, in Europe and the Middle East the different varieties of quartz were the most commonly used for the various types of jewelry and hardstone carving, including engraved gems and cameo gems, rock crystal vases, and ...