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Peat swamp forests are tropical moist forests where waterlogged soil prevents dead leaves and wood from fully decomposing. Over time, this creates a thick layer of acidic peat . [ 1 ] Large areas of these forests are being logged at high rates.
A fen is a type of peat-accumulating wetland fed by mineral-rich ground or surface water. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is one of the main types of wetland along with marshes , swamps , and bogs . Bogs and fens, both peat-forming ecosystems , are also known as mires . [ 2 ]
According to the IPCC Sixth Assessment Report, the conservation and restoration of wetlands and peatlands has large economic potential to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, providing benefits for adaptation, mitigation and biodiversity. [47] Wetlands provide an environment where organic carbon is stored in living plants, dead plants and peat ...
The Rimba Raya Biodiversity Reserve, nearly the size of Singapore, consists of 64,000 hectares of bio-diverse tropical peat swamp forest that contain as much as 1,000 plant and animal species per hectare and is one of the most highly endangered ecosystems on the planet. The project area and ongoing initiatives focus on environmental ...
Flooded forests, including freshwater swamp forests and peat swamp forests. [11] Manigua a low, often impenetrable dense forest of tangled tropical shrub and small trees. It is usually found in marshy areas but also on dry land in certain places. The term is used in Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and Colombia. [12] [13] [14]
The swamps were first listed as endangered ecological communities in 2004, under the Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act 1999 and the Threatened Species Conservation Act 1995 (NSW). The swamp communities are usually found at altitudes ranging between 500 and 1,000 metres (1,600 and 3,300 ft) above sea level.
The Sumatran peat swamp forests ecoregion (WWF ID: IM0160) covers the low-lying peat swamp forests along the northeast coast of the island of Sumatra in Indonesia.As is typical for peat swamp forests, this ecoregion lies between a thin strip of saltwater-affected mangroves on the coast, and freshwater swamps and lowland rain forest on better drained soils further inland.
The process is characterized by peat initialization on previously drier and vegetated habitats over inorganic soils, with no fully aquatic phase. [1] Thus the paludification process includes a shift from forests, grassland or long exposed bare land to peatland. [2]