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Pāli (/ ˈ p ɑː l i /,IAST: pāl̤i), also known as Pali-Magadhi, [2] is a classical Middle Indo-Aryan language on the Indian subcontinent.It is widely studied because it is the language of the Buddhist Pāli Canon or Tipiṭaka as well as the sacred language of Theravāda Buddhism. [3]
The charts below show the way in which the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) represents Vedic and Classical Sanskrit and Pali pronunciations in Wikipedia articles. For a guide to adding IPA characters to Wikipedia articles, see Template:IPA, and Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Pronunciation § Entering IPA characters.
Saṅkhāra (Pali; सङ्खार; Sanskrit: संस्कार or saṃskāra) is a term figuring prominently in Buddhism.The word means 'formations' [1] or 'that which has been put together' and 'that which puts together'.
Abhijñā (Sanskrit: अभिज्ञा; Pali pronunciation: abhiññā; Standard Tibetan: མངོན་ཤེས mngon shes; Chinese: 六通/(六)神通) is a Buddhist term generally translated as "direct knowledge", [1] "higher knowledge" [2] [3] or "supernormal knowledge."
A śramaṇa (Sanskrit: श्रमण, Sanskrit pronunciation: [ɕrɐmɐɳɐ]; Pali: 𑀲𑀫𑀡, romanized: samaṇa; Chinese: 沙門; pinyin: shāmén; Vietnamese: sa môn) is a person "who labours, toils, or exerts themselves for some higher or religious purpose" [1] [2] or "seeker, or ascetic, one who performs acts of austerity".
Used in rendering Sanskrit and Pali texts, it is written as an open circle above the consonant (for example อํ). Its pronunciation depends on the following sound: if it is a consonant, the nikkhahit is pronounced as a homorganic nasal, and if it is at the end of a word, it is pronounced as a voiced velar nasal /ŋ/. [citation needed]
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Independent vowel letters are named similarly to the dependent vowels, with the word ស្រៈ sră [sraʔ] ("vowel") followed by the principal sound of the letter (the pronunciation or first of the pronunciations listed above), followed by an additional glottal stop after a short vowel.